ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2025
Identification of circulating inflammation cytokines as a mediator of gut microbiota and type 2 diabetes mellitus: a Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Causal Risk Factors for Type 1 Diabetes in Mendelian Randomization Studies: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Review
- Toll-Like Receptors in Diabetes: Immunometabolic Mechanisms and Emerging Precision Therapeutic Strategies.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Multi level effects of Sanghuang Tongxie Formula on type 2 diabetes rats: a comprehensive analysis from intestinal bacteria to metabolome and transcriptome.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2025Article
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4 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundSeveral studies have suggested that the gut microbiota (GM) may be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the causal relationship between GM and T2DM and whether inflammatory cytokines act as mediators remain unclear.
aimsTo investigate the association between GM and T2DM and the proportion of this association that is mediated through inflammatory cytokines.
methodsWe conducted a bidirectional and mediation Mendelian randomization (MR) study utilizing data from the genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of four sources of GM taxa (MiBioGen consortium, n = 18,340; Dutch Microbiome Project, n = 7,738; German biobanks, n = 8,956; FINRISK 2002, n = 5,959), a meta-analysis of inflammatory proteins (n = 14,824), and European-ancestry T2DM (n = 1,528,967). The inverse variance weighted method was applied as the primary method. And two-step MR was employed to identify potential mediating inflammatory cytokines.
resultsWe found evidence for 28 positive and 20 negative causal effects between multiple sources of GM and T2DM using at least two MR methods. And there were 2 positive and 5 negative causal relationships between cytokines and T2DM using at least two MR methods. The mediation MR analysis found that interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) mediated the causal effects of species Kandleria vitulina on T2DM (proportion mediated = 22.5%, P = 0.022).
conclusionThe MR study supports the causal effect between Kandleria vitulina species and T2DM, with a potential mediating role played by inflammatory factor IFN-γ. Such result would serve as evidence for GM-targeted and cytokine-targeted therapy to prevent T2DM.
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