Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40604392›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2025

Detection of Salmonella from raw cow milk and beef and its antibiotic susceptibility profile in selected districts of the Sidama Regional State, Ethiopia.

Tariku Geinoro, Alemayehu Gebeyehu, Getachew Ngusie, Gemechu Chala Hunderra, Tesfaye Tolossa, Haile Alemayehu, Tadesse Eguale, Rahmeto Abebe

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Article in BMC microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

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3citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Tariku GeinoroFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Alemayehu GebeyehuFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia. alemayehugebeyehu66@gmail.com.
Getachew NgusieFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Gemechu Chala HunderraFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Tesfaye TolossaFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
Haile AlemayehuAklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Tadesse EgualeAklilu Lemma Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Rahmeto AbebeFaculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSalmonella is one of the most common causes of foodborne diseases and is frequently reported to exacerbate the increase in multidrug resistance worldwide. Poor hygienic practices along the food chain and the cultural habits of consuming raw animal products contribute to the spread of infection and increased antibiotic resistance, especially in developing nations like Ethiopia.

methodsA cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2022 to June 2023. The study aimed to detect and determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella from cow milk and beef in the Hawassa, Yirgalem and Wondo Genet districts of the Sidama Regional State. A total of 216 samples (121 milk, 31 yogurt and 64 beef samples) were collected and analyzed using standard bacteriological procedures for the isolation and identification of Salmonella. Positive Salmonella isolates were further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Salmonella was tested for antibiotic susceptibility using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.

resultsSalmonella was isolated from 6.5% to 4.17% of the total samples by culture and PCR-based methods, respectively. Prevalence at the sampling sites was 5.38% in Hawassa, 3.23% in Yirgalem, and 2.38% in Wondo Genet. There was no significant variation in prevalence among the districts (p = 0.18) or between milk (3.9%) and beef (4.7%) samples (p = 0.73). Likewise, there was no significant variation (p = 0.66) in Salmonella isolation rate among retailers (4.84%), households (5.56%) and farms (1.85%), or between yogurt (6.45%) and raw milk (3.31%) (p = 0.10). Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated that all Salmonella isolates were 100% resistant to ampicillin, nalidixic acid, clindamycin and cephalothin, while showing varying sensitivity to ceftriaxone (88.9%), chloramphenicol (55.6%) and gentamycin (66.7%). All isolates exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR).

conclusionThis study reveals that Salmonella is prevalent in cow’s milk and beef produced and consumed in the study area, and has developed MDR, which poses a public health threat. Therefore, it is essential for dairy farmers, and milk and beef retailers to take necessary measures to minimize Salmonella contamination in their products. Furthermore, dedicated engagement from district level animal health departments in educating dairy farmers about proper use of antibiotics at farm level would play a pivotal role in mitigating the increasing antibiotic resistance in Salmonella spp.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsMilkRed MeatSalmonellaAnimalsCattleCross-Sectional StudiesDrug Resistance, Multiple, BacterialEthiopiaFood MicrobiologyMicrobial Sensitivity TestsAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibiotic susceptibilityBeefIsolationMilkMolecular detectionSalmonella

Identifiers

PMID40604392
PMCPMC12219906

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