Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40604377›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2025

Reintroduction training is instrumental in restoring the oral microbiota of giant pandas from "captivity" to "wildness".

Rui Ma, Xiang Yu, Chong Huang, Fei Xue, Rong Hou, Wei Wu, Feifei Feng, Wenlei Bi, Long Zhang, Jiabin Liu and 17 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

27 authors.

Rui MaSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Xiang YuSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Chong HuangSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Fei XueSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Rong HouSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Wei WuSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Feifei FengSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Wenlei BiSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Long ZhangSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Jiabin LiuSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Zusheng LiSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Jiang GuSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Yanshan ZhouSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Guanwei LanSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Chao ChenSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Ying YaoSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Jingchao LanSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Li LuoSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China.
Ping LiDaxiangling Nature Reserve, Yaan, 625000, China.
Hui HeDaxiangling Nature Reserve, Yaan, 625000, China.
Mei ZhangDaxiangling Nature Reserve, Yaan, 625000, China.
Xi YangDaxiangling Nature Reserve, Yaan, 625000, China.
Hong YangDaxiangling Nature Reserve, Yaan, 625000, China.
Haijun GuSichuan Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Chengdu, 610082, China.
Xiaodong GuSichuan Forestry and Grassland Bureau, Chengdu, 610082, China.
Limin ChenTangjiahe Nature Reserve, Qingchuan, 628100, China.
Dunwu QiSichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu, 610000, China. qidunwu@163.com.

Funding

Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Foundation 2024CPB-A23Chengdu Giant Panda Breeding Research Foundation 2024CPB-B06Chengdu Science and Technology Program 2023-YF09-00017-SNNational Natural Science Foundation of China 32400405National Natural Science Foundation of China U21A20193Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program 2023NSFSC1156Sichuan Provincial Science and Technology Support Program 25NSFSC1714
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reintroduction programs aim to restore wild populations, yet success is challenged by host microbiome adaptation to natural environments. Here, we characterized the oral microbiota of giant pandas undergoing pre-release training, comparing them to captive and wild conspecifics, to assess training-induced microbial shifts. We found that after one year of reintroduction training, multi-generational captive giant pandas exhibited increased oral microbiome diversity, with community structure, composition, and predicted functions converging toward wild-type profiles. Adaptive changes included reduced relative abundances of Actinobacillus and Bergeyella, and enrichment of Myroides and Psychrobacter. Functionally, these shifts correlated with decreased starch and sucrose, fructose and mannose, and various lipid metabolism pathways, alongside enhanced methane and galactose metabolism which align with the dietary constraints of a singular food source in the wild environment. Our study demonstrates that pre-release training drives oral microbiota convergence toward wild phenotypes, underscoring microbial adaptation as critical for successful captive-to-wild transitions in endangered species.

Indexed as

BacteriaMicrobiotaMouthUrsidaeAnimalsAnimals, WildEndangered SpeciesFemaleRNA, Ribosomal, 16SRNA, Ribosomal, 16SAdaptive transitionGiant pandaOral microbiotaReintroduction

Identifiers

PMID40604377
PMCPMC12219242

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.