Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40604345›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2025

Gut microbiome compositional and functional features associate with Alzheimer's disease pathology.

Jea Woo Kang, Lora A Khatib, Margo B Heston, Amanda H Dilmore, Jennifer S Labus, Yuetiva Deming, Leyla Schimmel, Colette Blach, Daniel McDonald, Antonio Gonzalez and 13 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  11. Fecal short-chain fatty acids vary by sex and amyloid status.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  12. The influence of depression onset timing after gastrointestinal diseases on dementia risk.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Gut microbiome compositional and functional features associate with Alzheimer's disease pathology.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Jea Woo KangWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1202-4432
Lora A KhatibDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Margo B HestonWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Amanda H DilmoreDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Jennifer S LabusIntegrative Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Core (IBBC) at the Goodman-Luskin Microbiome Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Yuetiva DemingWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Leyla SchimmelDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Colette BlachDuke Molecular Physiology Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Daniel McDonaldDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Antonio GonzalezDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
MacKenzie BryantDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Tyler K UllandWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Sterling C JohnsonWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Sanjay AsthanaWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Cynthia M CarlssonWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Nathaniel A ChinWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Kaj BlennowDepartment of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.
Henrik ZetterbergWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Federico E ReyDepartment of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
Alzheimer Gut Microbiome Project ConsortiumDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Rima Kaddurah-DaoukDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Rob KnightDepartment of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA.
Barbara B BendlinWisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.

Funding

Project 4 - Mechanistic studies on the role of the gut microbiome in models for Alzheimer's diseaseU19AG063744 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI Rima F Kaddurah-Daouk · 2019 to 2026
$54.1M
Wisconsin Alzheimer's Disease Research CenterP30AG062715 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Sanjay Asthana · 2019 to 2026
$34.5M
Metabolomic Signatures for Disease Sub-classification and Target Prioritization in AMP-ADU01AG061359 · NIA · DUKE UNIVERSITY · PI KADDURAH-DAOUK, RIMA F, KASTENMULLER, GABI · 2018 to 2022
$10.0M
Gut barrier function in Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG070973 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI BENDLIN, BARBARA BRIGITTA, REY, FEDERICO E · 2021 to 2025
$3.9M
ß-hydroxybutyrate inhibition of pathology in Alzheimer's diseaseR01AG083883 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Barbara Brigitta Bendlin, Federico E Rey · 2023 to 2026
$3.8M
Gut microbiome intervention in preclinical and clinical Alzheimer's diseaseR61AG088913 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI Barbara Brigitta Bendlin, Federico E Rey · 2025 to 2026
$900k
Illumina NovaSeq 6000 Sequencing SystemS10OD026929 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI JEPSEN, KRISTEN LYNN · 2019 to 2019
$600k
The Disadvantage Exposome as a Driver of Alzheimer’s Disease PathologyF99NS130922 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI HESTON, MARGO · 2022 to 2022
$48k
AD Strategic Fund and the Alzheimer's Association #ADSF-21-831376-CAD Strategic Fund and the Alzheimer's Association #ADSF-21-831377-CAD Strategic Fund and the Alzheimer's Association #ADSF-21-831381-CAD Strategic Fund and the Alzheimer's Association #ADSF-24-1284328-CAlzheimer Drug Discovery Foundation (ADDF) #201809-2016862Bluefield ProjectCure Alzheimer's FundErling-Persson Family FoundationEuropean Partnership on Metrology co-financed from the European Union's Horizon Europe Research and Innovation Programme and by the Participating States #22HLT07European Union Joint Programme-Neurodegenerative Disease Research JPND2021-00694European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie #860197European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme #101053962Familjen Rönströms Stiftelse, Stiftelsen för Gamla Tjänarinnor, Hjärnfonden, Sweden #FO2022-0270NIA NIH HHS P30 AG062715NIA NIH HHS R01 AG070973NIA NIH HHS R01AG070973NIA NIH HHS R01 AG083883NIA NIH HHS R01AG083883NIA NIH HHS R61 AG088913NIA NIH HHS U01 AG061359NIA NIH HHS U01AG061359NIA NIH HHS U19 AG063744NIA NIH HHS U19AG063744NIH and Care Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre and the UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL UKDRI-1003NIH HHS #S10 OD026929NIH HHS S10 OD026929NINDS NIH HHS F99 NS130922Olav Thon FoundationSwedish Research Council #2019-02397Swedish Research Council #2022-01018Swedish Research Council #2023-00356Swedish State Support for Clinical Research #ALFGBG-71320Vilas Early-Career Investigator Award
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe gut microbiome is a potentially modifiable risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, understanding of its composition and function regarding AD pathology is limited.

methodsShallow-shotgun metagenomics was used to analyze the fecal microbiome of participants in the Wisconsin Microbiome in Alzheimer's Risk Study, leveraging clinical data and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers. Differential abundance and ordinary least squares regression analyses were performed to find differentially abundant gut microbiome features and their associations with CSF biomarkers of AD and related pathologies.

resultsGut microbiome composition and function differed between individuals with and without AD dementia. The compositional difference was replicated in an independent cohort. Differentially abundant gut microbiome features were associated with CSF biomarkers of AD and related pathologies. DISCUSSION: These findings enhance our understanding of alterations in gut microbial composition and function in AD, and suggest that gut microbes and their pathways are linked to AD pathology. HIGHLIGHTS: Gut microbiome composition and function differ between people with Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia and cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals. Co-occurring gut microbes show differential abundance across AD-related groups (AD vs CU, amyloid status+ vs amyloid status-, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 status+ vs APOE ε4 status-). Gut microbiome composition also differs between people with AD dementia and CU individuals in a larger validation cohort. Differentially abundant gut microbiome composition and function between AD and CU groups are correlated with cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers for AD and related pathologies.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseGastrointestinal MicrobiomeAgedAged, 80 and overAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkersFecesFemaleHumansMaleMetagenomicsAmyloid beta-PeptidesBiomarkersAlzheimer's diseasebiomarkerscerebrospinal fluidcompositiondifferential abundancefunctiongut microbiomepathology

Identifiers

PMID40604345
PMCPMC12221809

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.