Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40604295›Full record

ArticleNature materials2025

A carbon-nanotube-based electron source with a 0.3-eV energy spread and an unconventional time delay.

Ke Chen, Chao Yu, Xiaowei Wang, Shenghan Zhou, Li Wang, Yusong Qu, Aiwei Wang, Fan Xiao, Zhenjun Li, Chi Li and 4 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Nature materials, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Ke Chen *CAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8076-5668
Chao Yu *Institute of Ultrafast Optical Physics, Department of Applied Physics and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5781-1363
Xiaowei Wang *College of Science, Hunan Key Laboratory of Extreme Matter and Applications, Hunan Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Physical States, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0117-7548
Shenghan ZhouInstitute of Information Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Li WangCollege of Science, Hunan Key Laboratory of Extreme Matter and Applications, Hunan Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Physical States, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China.
Yusong QuCAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
Aiwei WangCAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
Fan XiaoCollege of Science, Hunan Key Laboratory of Extreme Matter and Applications, Hunan Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Physical States, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China.
Zhenjun LiCAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China.
Chi LiCAS Key Laboratory of Nanophotonic Materials and Devices, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China. lichi@nanoctr.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9223-1599
Jiayu DaiCollege of Science, Hunan Key Laboratory of Extreme Matter and Applications, Hunan Research Center of the Basic Discipline for Physical States, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China. jydai@nudt.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7423-7500
Xiangang WanNational Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures and School of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China. xgwan@nju.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7727-4980
Ruifeng LuInstitute of Ultrafast Optical Physics, Department of Applied Physics and MIIT Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China. rflu@njust.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1752-2070
Qing DaiInstitute of Information Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. daiqing@sjtu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1750-0867

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conventional metal-tip-based laser-driven electron sources are normally constrained by a trade-off between energy spread and pulse width due to optical-field-induced free electron acceleration. This makes it challenging to surpass the current state-of-the-art, which exhibits energy spreads exceeding 1 eV and pulse durations of hundreds of femtoseconds. Here we report an unconventional delayed emission from a one-dimensional carbon-nanotube-based electron source. By utilizing a special pump-probe approach, we apply 7-fs laser pulses to the carbon-nanotube emitters and observe free electron emission tens of femtoseconds after the pulse. This delayed emission results in a substantially reduced energy spread of approximately 0.3 eV and an electron pulse width of about 13 fs. Through time-dependent density functional theory calculations, we find that the delayed emission is driven by the interplay of collective oscillations and electron-electron interactions. Our results may provide a promising technology for developing cutting-edge ultrafast electron sources.

Identifiers

PMID40604295

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