Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40604281›Full record

ArticleNature2025

The mutagenic forces shaping the genomes of lung cancer in never smokers.

Marcos Díaz-Gay, Tongwu Zhang, Phuc H Hoang, Charles Leduc, Marina K Baine, William D Travis, Lynette M Sholl, Philippe Joubert, Azhar Khandekar, Wei Zhao and 59 more

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07383454 (Lung Cancer Screening in Population Who Had Never Smoked and the Validation of Lung Cancer Risk Prediction Model), which is not on this map. Cited by 42 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07383454 nanot yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Lung Cancer Screening in Population Who Had Never Smoked and the Validation of Lung Cancer Risk Prediction Model

TypeinterventionalSponsorChung Shan Medical UniversityRan2026 to 2034Enrolled2,500ConditionsLung Cancer (Diagnosis), Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Small Cell Carcinoma of Lung, Screening StrategyArmsLow dose computed tomography
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Breathing carcinogens: PMJournal of thoracic disease · 2026
    Review
  7. Sex-specific associations of the bilirubin-to-albumin ratio with lung cancer risk: evidence from Cox regression and causal survival forest analysis.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Germline determinants of risk and molecular subtype in young-onset lung cancer.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

69 authors.

Marcos Díaz-Gay *Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0658-0467
Tongwu Zhang *Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2124-2706
Phuc H HoangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9265-8525
Charles LeducDepartment of Pathology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Marina K BaineDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
William D TravisDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Lynette M ShollDepartment of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9532-9735
Philippe JoubertInstitut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.
Azhar KhandekarDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Wei ZhaoDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5103-3871
Christopher D SteeleDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Burçak OtluDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Shuvro P NandiDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4855-4697
Raviteja VangaraDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5272-6207
Erik N BergstromDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Mariya KazachkovaDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Oriol PichCancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1956-1882
Charles SwantonCancer Evolution and Genome Instability Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4299-3018
Chao Agnes HsiungInstitute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
I-Shou ChangNational Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan.
Maria Pik WongQueen Mary Hospital, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Kin Chung LeungDepartment of Pathology, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Jian SangDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
John P McElderryDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Caleb HartmanDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0009-0009-9378-3967
Frank J Colón-MatosDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Mona MiraftabDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Monjoy SahaDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Olivia W LeeDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5389-6267
Kristine M JonesDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1584-8920
Pilar Gallego-GarcíaDigital Genomics Group, Cancer Genomics Program, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8531-9851
Yang YangBen May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5560-2936
Xiaoming ZhongBen May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Eric S EdellDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Jacobo Martínez SantamaríaBiobanco IBSP-CV FISABIO, Valencia, Spain.ORCID 0009-0000-4351-3955
Matthew B SchabathDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3241-3216
Sai S YendamuriThoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Marta ManczukDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology and Primary Prevention, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4319-6424
Jolanta LissowskaDepartment of Cancer Epidemiology and Primary Prevention, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-2695-5799
Beata ŚwiątkowskaDepartment of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-3757-3868
Anush MukeriaDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.
Oxana ShanginaDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.
David ZaridzeDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia.
Ivana HolcatovaInstitute of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
Dana MatesDepartment of Occupational Health and Toxicology, National Center for Environmental Risk Monitoring, National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania.
Sasa MilosavljevicInternational Organization for Cancer Prevention and Research (IOCPR), Belgrade, Serbia.
Milica KonticClinic of Pulmonology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.
Yohan BosséInstitut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec - Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-3067-3711
Bonnie E Gould RothbergSylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8919-4467
David C ChristianiDepartment of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0301-0242
Valerie GaborieauGenomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.
Paul BrennanGenomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.
Geoffrey LiuPrincess Margaret Cancer Center, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Paul HofmanIHU RespirERA, Biobank-BB-0033-0025, Côte d'Azur University, Nice, France.ORCID 0000-0003-0431-9353
Lixing YangBen May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.
Martin A NowakDepartment of Mathematics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Jianxin ShiDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8606-4707
Nathaniel RothmanDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
David C WedgeManchester Cancer Research Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-7572-3196
Robert HomerDepartment of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2055-5885
Soo-Ryum YangDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
Angela C PesatoriDepartment of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0261-3252
Dario ConsonniFondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8935-3843
Qing LanDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0888-8839
Bin ZhuDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0172-5516
Stephen J ChanockDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2324-3393
Jiyeon ChoiDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0955-2384
Ludmil B AlexandrovDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. L2alexandrov@health.ucsd.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-3596-4515
Maria Teresa LandiDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA. landim@nih.gov.ORCID 0000-0003-4507-329X

Funding

X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHYP30CA008748 · NCI · SLOAN-KETTERING INSTITUTE FOR CANCER RES · PI SELWYN M VICKERS · 1985 to 2026
$347.4M
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCHP30CA076292 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA · PI John L. Cleveland · 1998 to 2026
$93.5M
Studies of Genetic and Environmental EpidemiologyZIACP101231 · NCI · DIVISION OF CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY AND GENETICS · PI LANDI, MARIA · 2018 to 2025
$23.6M
Statistical Methods for Analysis of Massive Genetic and Genomic Data in Cancer ResearchR35CA197449 · NCI · HARVARD UNIVERSITY D/B/A HARVARD SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH · PI XIHONG LIN · 2015 to 2026
$10.9M
Detecting Mutational Signatures of Environmental Mutagens in Heathy Individuals for Personalized Cancer PreventionR01ES032547 · NIEHS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI ALEXANDROV, LUDMIL B · 2021 to 2025
$3.4M
Mapping immuno-genomic drivers of the head and neck precancer invasive-disease transitionU01CA290479 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Ludmil B Alexandrov, Jorge Silvio Gutkind · 2023 to 2026
$3.1M
Comprehensive identification of germline-somatic interactionsR01CA269919 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI Ludmil B Alexandrov, Hannah Kathryn Carter · 2022 to 2026
$2.2M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA CP101231NCI NIH HHS P30 CA008748NCI NIH HHS P30 CA076292NCI NIH HHS R01 CA269919NCI NIH HHS R35 CA197449NCI NIH HHS U01 CA290479NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES032547World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lung cancer in never smokers (LCINS) accounts for around 25% of all lung cancers

Indexed as

Genome, HumanLung NeoplasmsMutagenesisMutationNon-SmokersAdenocarcinomaAgedAir PollutionErbB ReceptorsEuropeFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Tobacco Smoke PollutionEGFR protein, humanErbB ReceptorsKRAS protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)Tobacco Smoke PollutionTP53 protein, humanTumor Suppressor Protein p53

Identifiers

PMID40604281
PMCPMC12667038

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.