Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40603288›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Adaptively programmable metasurface for intelligent wireless communications in complex environments.

Han Qing Yang, Jun Yan Dai, Hui Dong Li, Lijie Wu, Zi Hang Shen, Qun Yan Zhou, Meng Zhen Zhang, Si Ran Wang, Zheng Xing Wang, Jun Wei Wu and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Han Qing Yang *Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Jun Yan Dai *Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1589-1232
Hui Dong Li *Institute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Lijie WuInstitute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Zi Hang ShenNational Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Qun Yan ZhouInstitute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7694-6562
Meng Zhen ZhangInstitute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
Si Ran WangInstitute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8937-9031
Zheng Xing WangInstitute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9547-342X
Jun Wei WuInstitute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9764-1178
Shi JinNational Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0271-6021
Wankai TangNational Mobile Communications Research Laboratory, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. tangwk@seu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1751-3457
Qiang ChengInstitute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. qiangcheng@seu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2442-8357
Tie Jun CuiInstitute of Electromagnetic Space, Southeast University, Nanjing, China. tjcui@seu.edu.cn.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5862-1497

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62171124National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62201139National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62261160576National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China) 62288101
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The programmable metasurface or reconfigurable intelligent surface is one of the emerging technologies for next-generation wireless communications, but the existing programmable metasurfaces still rely on human control to reshape the electromagnetic (EM) environment as desired. Here, we propose an adaptively programmable metasurface (APM), which integrates the capabilities of acquiring wireless environment information and manipulating the EM waves in programmable manners. APM can sense the complex EM field distributions around and dynamically manipulate the EM waves and signals in real time under the guidance of the sensed information, eliminating the need for prior knowledge or external input on the wireless environment. For experimental verification, a 6 × 6 APM prototype is constructed and its dual capabilities of sensing and wave manipulation are validated. Different integrated sensing and communication scenarios with and without the aid of APM are established, and the capability of APM in enhancing the communication quality is demonstrated in complex environments, highlighting its beneficial application potentials in future wireless systems.

Identifiers

PMID40603288
PMCPMC12222566

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.