ArticleNature communications2025
Breastfeeding and early Bifidobacterium-driven microbial colonization shape the infant gut resistome.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The role of breastfeeding in modulating antimicrobial resistance in neonates: a systematic review.Pediatric research · 2026Pooled it
- Age- and diet-driven assembly of the gut antibiotic resistome in humans and food-producing animals.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Bifidobacteria: biogeography, host adaptation and ecological functions.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Maternal secretor status and human milk oligosaccharides influence the infant gut resistome.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- The Critical Period Microbiota Shape Brain Plasticity.Research square · 2026Article
- Human milk microbiome as a modulator of the early-life gut-brain axis: mechanisms and translational opportunities for neurodevelopment.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Bifidobacterium modulates gut microbiota and aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling in necrotizing enterocolitis rat model.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Mucin O-glycan degradation by GH101 underpins mucosal persistence of Bifidobacterium bifidum PRL2010.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Antibiotic-Driven Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis: Resistome Dynamics, Metabolic Disruption, and Paths to Restoration.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Critical Period Microbiota Shape Brain Plasticity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mother-to-offspring microbial vertical transmission: timing, determinants, and impact on offspring susceptibility to gastrointestinal diseases.Medical review (2021) · 2026Review
- Impact of targeted infection prevention and control interventions on bloodstream infections and colonization with carbapenem-resistant organisms among hospitalized neonates, Bangladesh, 2023-2024.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Article
- Bifidobacterium-driven immunoglobulin A production in pediatric patients with IgA deficiency and recurrent respiratory tract infections.Microbiome · 2026Article
- A One Health Decalogue for Breastfeeding: Microbiota-Targeted Strategies for Infant Gastrointestinal and Neurodevelopmental Health.Nutrients · 2026Review
- The perinatal microbiota in dogs and cats: a narrative review from human research to veterinary practice.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Review
- Age-associated gut microbiome succession, colonization resistance, and relative resistome patterns in an antibiotic-restricted infant cohort.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Beyond breastfeeding: a One Health Decalogue for nurturing the infant microbiota.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Long-Term Breastfeeding: Protective Effects Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer and the Role of the Breast Microbiota.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Temporal dynamics and microbial interactions shaping the gut resistome in early infancy.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Impact of early life antibiotic and probiotic treatment on gut microbiome and resistome of very-low-birth-weight preterm infants.Nature communications · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The assembly of the gut resistome in early life is key to infant health. Specific perinatal factors such as cesarean section (C-section), antibiotic exposure and lack of breastfeeding practices are detrimental to proper microbial development and increase the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs). Using 265 gut longitudinal metagenomes from 66 mother-infant pairs, we investigated how perinatal factors influence the acquisition and dynamics of ARGs during the first year of life. Our findings reveal that Bifidobacterium plays a crucial role in modulating the infant resistome, with its high relative abundance being associated with a lower ARG load. Exclusive breastfeeding during the first month of life accelerates the reduction of ARGs and ensures a lower resistome burden at six months. Moreover, early breastfeeding cessation correlates with a higher ARG load, underscoring its long-term influence on microbial resilience. Importantly, we identify exclusive breastfeeding as a key strategy to mitigate the impact of C-section delivery on the infant gut resistome, counteracting the early-life antibiotic exposure associated with this procedure and the resulting resistance acquisition. By promoting a microbiome enriched in Bifidobacterium, breastfeeding may help suppress ARG-carrying taxa, reducing the risk of resistance dissemination. Our findings underscore the importance of breastfeeding as a natural intervention to shape the infant microbiome and resistome. Supporting breastfeeding through public health policies could help limit the spread of antimicrobial resistance in early life.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.