Trial reportThe journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease2025
The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study - Activities of Daily Living dependence score: revision and validation of an algorithm evaluating patient dependence across the spectrum of AD severity.
Trial report in The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 12 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of Passive Immunization on the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease: LY2062430 Versus Placebo
Effect of LY2062430, an Anti-Amyloid Beta Monoclonal Antibody, on the Progression of Alzheimer's Disease as Compared With Placebo
Effect of Passive Immunization on the Progression of Mild Alzheimer's Disease: Solanezumab (LY2062430) Versus Placebo
A 24-month, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Parallel-group, Efficacy, Safety, Tolerability, Biomarker, and Pharmacokinetic Study of AZD3293 in Early Alzheimer's Disease (The AMARANTH Study)
A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Efficacy And Safety Study of Crenezumab in Patients With Prodromal to Mild Alzheimer's Disease.
A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Efficacy and Safety Study of Crenezumab in Patients With Prodromal to Mild Alzheimer's Disease
A Phase II, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Efficacy, and Safety Study of MTAU9937A in Patients With Prodromal to Mild Alzheimer's Disease
Assessment of Safety, Tolerability and Efficacy of LY3002813 in Early Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease
A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Efficacy, and Safety Study of Gantenerumab in Patients With Early (Prodromal to Mild) Alzheimer's Disease
A Phase III, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Efficacy, and Safety Study of Gantenerumab in Patients With Early (Prodromal to Mild) Alzheimer's Disease
A Phase II, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group, Efficacy, and Safety Study of MTAU9937A in Patients With Moderate Alzheimer's Disease
Assessment of Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Donanemab in Early Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Evaluating the clinical effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases using minimal clinically important difference: systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of pharmacal research · 2026Pooled it
- Waking up to the truth: Associations between sleep disorders and multidomain functional outcomes in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026Article
- Association of physical frailty, functional dependence, dysphagia, and depression with mild cognitive impairment in hospitalized older adults.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIncreasing dependence on informal and formal caregivers in Alzheimer's disease (AD) contributes to high societal cost. Treatments that delay time to increased dependence/care needs would be clinically meaningful, but these outcomes are rarely collected in early AD clinical trials. The 2015 ADCS-ADL dependence algorithm was created to estimate level of dependence in AD.
objectivesTo revise the original dependence algorithm to improve accuracy of dependence scores (DS) across AD severity, including early symptomatic AD.
designSecondary data analysis
settingCommunity cohort; randomized clinical trial
participants14,000 participants enrolled across GERAS-EU observational study and 12 AD clinical trials. MEASUREMENTS: Three-phase algorithm revision: 1) reassess ADCS-ADL items to identify those appropriate for assessing dependence; 2) (a) assign individual item responses to degrees of assistance and (b) to operationalize assignment of DS based on extent of total assistance needed; and 3) validate revised algorithm in multiple datasets across AD severity from mild cognitive impairment due to AD to moderate-severe AD.
resultsThe revised DS (0-6) algorithm classified most participants with early symptomatic AD as independent or moderately independent (DS<3) at baseline. With disease progression over time, the proportion of participants who were mildly to fully dependent (DS≥3) increased across AD severity. Increased DS was associated with incremental worsening of clinical outcomes.
conclusionsThe revised ADCS-ADL DS algorithm provides a supplementary approach to evaluate the impact of emerging treatments on independence/care needs in AD and may be useful in clinical trials where the ADCS-ADL has been collected. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION: EXPEDITION 1 NCT00905372; EXPEDITION 2 NCT00904683; EXPEDITION 3 NCT01900665; AMARANTH NCT02245737; TRAILBLAZER-ALZ NCT03367403; TRAILBLAZER-ALZ 2 NCT04437511; GRADUATE I NCT03444870; GRADUATE II NCT03443973; CREAD NCT02670083; CREAD 2, NCT03114657; TAURIEL NCT03289143; LAURIET NCT03828747.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.