Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40601126›Full record

ReviewCurrent diabetes reports2025

Social and Structural Determinants of Lower Extremity Amputations in Diabetes.

Misty D Humphries

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current diabetes reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Lower extremity amputations in Switzerland: Trends in patients with and without diabetes, 2013-2023.International journal of cardiology. Cardiovascular risk and prevention · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author.

Misty D HumphriesDivision of Vascular Surgery, UC Davis Health Heart and Vascular Center, UC Davis Advanced Wound Care Program, Vascular Residency, UC Davis Health, 2335 Stockton Blvd, NAOB 5017, Sacramento, CA, 95811, USA. mdhumphries@ucdavis.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewLower extremity amputations (LEAs) are among the most severe complications of diabetes, with approximately 1.5 million procedures performed globally each year. This review explores the impact of social and structural determinants of health on amputation rates in diabetic patients, highlighting disparities driven by systemic factors. RECENT

findingsStructural determinants such as healthcare policies and economic systems intersect with social factors, including access to care, racial disparities, and socioeconomic status, influencing amputation risk. Black patients with diabetes face up to a fourfold increased risk of major amputation compared to non-Hispanic white patients. Lower socioeconomic status is also strongly linked to higher amputation rates. Geographic and environmental factors, like food deserts and limited access to specialized care, further exacerbate these disparities. Emerging prevention strategies, such as telemedicine and mobile health units, demonstrate promise in improving access to care. Addressing disparities in LEAs requires comprehensive policy changes and targeted interventions. Future directions include leveraging artificial intelligence and precision medicine alongside community-based programs to reduce amputation rates in high-risk diabetic populations.

Indexed as

Amputation, SurgicalDiabetes MellitusDiabetic FootLower ExtremitySocial Determinants of HealthHealthcare DisparitiesHealth Services AccessibilityHumansSocioeconomic FactorsAccessDisparitiesLeg amputationLimb ischemia

Identifiers

PMID40601126
PMCPMC12222403

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.