Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40600275›Full record

ArticleVeterinary clinical pathology2025

Biochemical Reference Intervals of Free-Ranging Koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) in South Australia.

María B Font, Lucy Woolford, Sue Jaensch, Doug Hayward, Michelle Hebart, Emily Dean, Wayne S J Boardman, Tamsyn Stephenson, Jessica Kovac, Natasha Speight

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Veterinary clinical pathology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

María B FontFaculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Lucy WoolfordSchool of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7271-2937
Sue JaenschVetnostics Laboratory, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1754-500X
Doug HaywardVetnostics Laboratory, North Ryde, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5346-703X
Michelle HebartSchool of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Emily DeanSchool of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Wayne S J BoardmanSchool of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Tamsyn StephensonSchool of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Jessica KovacSchool of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Natasha SpeightSchool of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5367-0241

Funding

Morris Animal Foundation D16ZO-829
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundReference intervals (RIs) are an essential tool for assessment of clinical pathology data of animals, and are particularly important for monitoring the health status of free-ranging and captive wildlife, such as koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus).

objectivesThe purpose of this study was to: (1) provide comprehensive serum biochemistry reference intervals based on clinically healthy South Australian koalas from two populations, Mount Lofty Ranges (MLR) and Kangaroo Island (KI); and (2) identify any factors that can affect biochemical analytes, including koala retrovirus (KoRV) and Chlamydia pecorum subclinical infection status, age, sex, and population.

methodsSerum biochemistry analytes were determined in 206 clinically healthy South Australian koalas caught from the wild in 2016 and 2018 using a Cobas 8000 Chemistry Analyzer and analyzed using Reference Value Advisor and SPSS v28 Statistical software.

resultsBiochemical reference intervals were established. Also, clinically and statistically significant differences in analytes were found based on age for alkaline phosphatase and phosphate, and albumin: globulin ratio, globulins, and total protein, most likely associated with physiological bone growth and immunological development, respectively, as observed in other species. Statistically significant differences between animals subclinically positive for KoRV and Chlamydia pecorum, were found for glucose and gamma glutamyl transferase respectively; however, these were marginal, and their reference intervals were similar.

conclusionsThis study is the first to describe serum biochemical reference intervals for clinically healthy South Australian koalas of known Chlamydia and KoRV infection status. It represents an important tool to assist health assessments of koalas by veterinarians, as well as research and population monitoring.

Indexed as

Blood Chemical AnalysisPhascolarctidaeAlkaline PhosphataseAnimalsAnimals, WildChlamydiaChlamydia InfectionsFemaleMaleReference ValuesRetroviridae InfectionsSouth AustraliaAlkaline PhosphataseChlamydiahealthkoala retrovirusPhascolarctidaereference intervalsserum

Identifiers

PMID40600275
PMCPMC12444011

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.