ArticleCurrent research in physiology2025
Moderate chronic aortic constriction induces modest, sex-specific effects on rat hearts and skeletal muscle.
Article in Current research in physiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for ∼50 % of heart failure diagnoses, occurs in older individuals, is more prevalent in females than males, and includes hypertension as contributing factor. We sought to determine whether a long-term, moderate, transverse aortic constriction in male and female rats induces ventricular hypertrophy and preserved ejection fraction, changes in skeletal muscle mass and strength, and sex-specific differences in these outcomes, mimicking HFpEF. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery was performed on male and female rats at 4 weeks of age, and rats were sacrificed 40 weeks after surgery, following echocardiography and grip strength measures. Male TAC rats demonstrated a 12 % greater heart mass and 17 % higher heart to body mass ratio than Sham rats; however, these parameters did not differ between female TAC and Sham rats. TAC rats demonstrated a preserved ejection fraction, and TAC had no effect on skeletal muscle size or strength. In summary, male rats were more susceptible to TAC-induced pressure-overload hypertrophy than female rats, and this moderate constriction resulted in preserved ejection fraction despite a long time course. Collectively, these investigations reveal, in the absence of comorbidities, pressure overload produces modest, sex-specific effects in the myocardium and skeletal muscle.
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