Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40599377›Full record

ArticleThe Lancet regional health. Western Pacific2025

The impact of integrated genomic surveillance on non-typhoidal

Son Nghiem, Nhung Mai, My Tran, Danielle M Cribb, Liliana Bulfone, Patiyan Andersson, Alireza Zahedi, Tuyet Hoang, Tehzeeb Zulfiqar, Angeline Ferdinand and 6 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Lancet regional health. Western Pacific, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Son NghiemNational Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Nhung MaiNational Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
My TranNational Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Danielle M CribbNational Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Liliana BulfoneNational Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Patiyan AnderssonMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Alireza ZahediPublic and Environmental Health, Pathology Queensland, Queensland Department of Health, Brisbane, Australia.
Tuyet HoangMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Tehzeeb ZulfiqarNational Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Angeline FerdinandMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Katie GlassNational Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Martyn D KirkNational Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
Vitali SintchenkoSydney Institute for Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Amy V JennisonPublic and Environmental Health, Pathology Queensland, Queensland Department of Health, Brisbane, Australia.
Benjamin P HowdenMicrobiological Diagnostic Unit Public Health Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology at The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Emily LancsarDepartment of Health Economics Wellbeing and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) is a powerful technology for monitoring and detecting outbreaks of infectious pathogens, including non-typhoidal Methods: The main dataset was the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS) for NTS from 2009 to 2024. The treatment variable was defined as a binary variable representing the period when WGS was implemented in each jurisdiction of Australia. To minimise the effects of unobserved confounders, we employed a two-stage difference-in-difference (2sDiD) approach. This method estimated the parameters of state and period fixed-effects and then adjusted the observed outcomes from those fixed-effects in the first stage. The average treatment effect was obtained in the second stage by regressing the adjusted outcome against the treatment in the second stage. We also conducted a sensitivity analysis using a multi-period DiD model with a double machine-learning estimator. Findings: Compared to the pre-WGS periods, the introduction of WGS was associated with an average of 11.6% reduction in NTS cases when a static specification was applied. Results of a dynamic specification were slightly higher, with a 12.7% reduction in NTS cases after WGS. The estimated effects increased to 17.5% when a multi-period DiD model with a double machine learning estimator was applied. Interpretation: Our study shows that WGS was associated with a significant reduction (11.6%-17.5%) of NTS cases in Australia. Using the cost and break-even point of NTS from previous Australian studies, our findings suggest that WGS is associated with 7200-10,900 cases of NTS averted, saving US$11.3 m-US$17.0 m per year. Funding: Australian National Health and Medical Research Council, Medical Research Futures Fund (FSPGN00049), and Investigator Grant (GNT1196103) to BPH.

Indexed as

AustraliaEcological studyGenomic surveillanceSalmonella infectionsWhole genome sequencing

Identifiers

PMID40599377
PMCPMC12212105

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.