ArticleWorld journal of gastroenterology2025
Real-world comparison of chemotherapy plus bevacizumab with or without immunotherapy as first-line therapy in colorectal cancer.
Article in World journal of gastroenterology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
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7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundMicrosatellite stable (MSS) metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) is characterized by an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment, leading to limited efficacy of immunotherapy in these patients. Clinical trial data suggest that chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic therapy may have the potential to enhance the response to immunotherapy in these patients. However, whether these research findings can be "replicated" in clinical practice still requires further validation through real-world studies. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab with or without anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) immunotherapy as the first-line regimen for MSS mCRC in the real world.
aimTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab with or without anti-PD-1 immunotherapy as the first-line regimen for MSS mCRC in the real world.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with MSS mCRC diagnosed at Peking University First Hospital and Jilin Cancer Hospital between January 2020 and December 2024. Patients were stratified into two treatment groups: (1) An experimental group receiving first-line chemotherapy combined with bevacizumab and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy; and (2) A control group receiving chemotherapy plus bevacizumab alone. Propensity score matching was employed to balance baseline characteristics, including age, gender, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, number of metastatic sites, and primary tumor location. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival and overall survival, while secondary endpoints included disease control rate, objective response rate, and treatment-related adverse events. Survival outcomes were assessed using Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank testing. Additionally, inverse probability of treatment weighting was applied for sensitivity analysis to validate the robustness of our findings.
resultsThe propensity score matching analysis identified 103 well-balanced patient pairs with a median follow-up of 25.5 months. The experimental group demonstrated numerically higher objective response (36.00%
conclusionChemotherapy combined with bevacizumab and anti-PD-1 immunotherapy could not demonstrate promising efficacy in treating MSS mCRC compared to the standard first-line chemotherapy regimen with bevacizumab. Male patients or those with right-sided mCRC may derive benefits from immune-based combination therapy. Further research is needed to investigate specific clinical characteristics or biomarkers to identify patients who may derive benefit from combined immunotherapy approaches.
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