Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40598568›Full record

ArticleBMC medicine2025

The genetic spectrum features of 2261 Chinese children with epilepsy and intellectual disability.

Nan Pang, Chen Chen, Lifen Yang, Ciliu Zhang, Xiaolu Deng, Li Yang, Leilei Mao, Fangyun Liu, Guoli Wang, Haolin Duan and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Nan PangDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Chen ChenDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Lifen YangDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Ciliu ZhangDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Xiaolu DengDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Li YangDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Leilei MaoDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Fangyun LiuDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Guoli WangDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Haolin DuanDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Xiaole WangDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Fei YinDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Fang HeDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. bubbly_ho@163.com.
Jing PengDepartment of Pediatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. pengjing4346@163.com.

Funding

Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation 2021JJ40969Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation NO.2020JJ5946National Key Research and Development Program of China NO.2016YFC1306202National Natural Science Foundation of China NO. 81701541National Natural Science Foundation of China NO. 81771409National Natural Science Foundation of China NO. 82001449
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEpilepsy (EP) and intellectual disability (ID) are two highly correlated diseases that seriously impact neurodevelopment in children. Precision diagnosis of EP and ID remains challenging due to their clinical and genetic heterogeneity, necessitating a profound understanding of disease characteristics.

methodsWe provide a clinical and genetic landscape of 2261 Chinese patients performed chromosome microarray analysis (CMA) or next-generation sequencing to uncover causal copy number variants (CNVs) or single-nucleotide variants (SNVs). Patients were stratified into three groups: EP (374 cases), ID (863 cases), and EP + ID (1024 cases).

resultsWe reported a 24.3% diagnostic yield from 496 causal CNVs and SNVs, including 182 novel variants, in which updated 33 previously reported VUS. Significant intergroup differences emerged: EP patients were predominantly caused by autosomal dominant SNVs, showing the highest rates of incomplete penetrance and family history. ID patients were more likely caused by CNVs and autosomal recessive SNVs, with the highest genetic heterogeneity. EP + ID patients displayed the earliest onset ages and highest diagnostic yields. We prioritized genes by diagnostic efficiency and revealed that X-linked SNVs disproportionately affected females, particularly in the EP + ID group, under current diagnostic paradigms. This real-world dataset informs genetic counseling, testing strategies, precision therapies, and long-term management for EP/ID.

conclusionsThe clinical and genetic profiles from this study provided a reliable baseline reference for diagnosing EP and ID.

Indexed as

EpilepsyIntellectual DisabilityAdolescentChildChild, PreschoolChinaDNA Copy Number VariationsEast Asian PeopleFemaleHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansInfantMalePolymorphism, Single NucleotideClinical assessmentEpilepsyIntellectual disabilityMolecular diagnosisSex difference

Identifiers

PMID40598568
PMCPMC12219049

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.