Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40598492›Full record

ArticleBMC nursing2025

Barriers and facilitators to patient education from nursing perspectives in West bank hospitals: a Cross-sectional study.

Mohammad Hayek, Ibrahim Ghoul, Abdullah Abdullah, Nizar Said, Aidah Alkaissi, Eman Alshawish, Fatima Mohammad Hirzallah, Amer Asia, Murad Jkhlab, Nansy Daas and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC nursing, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Mohammad HayekFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. m.hayek@najah.edu.
Ibrahim GhoulOncology and Hematology Department, An-Najah National University Hospital, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. i.ghoul@najah.edu.
Abdullah AbdullahQuality and Patient Safety Department, An-Najah National University Hospital, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Nizar SaidFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Aidah AlkaissiFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Eman AlshawishFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Fatima Mohammad HirzallahFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Amer AsiaInternal Medicine Department, An-Najah National University Hospital, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Murad JkhlabUrology Center of Excellence, An-Najah National University Hospital, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Nansy DaasFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Baraa SalahFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Joud AbutairFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Nabila Abd-AlkaderFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
Deena MarzookFaculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Nursing and Midwifery Department, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPatient education is fundamental to patient-centered care but faces significant implementation challenges. Nurses, ideally positioned to lead education, encounter barriers like time constraints, inadequate environments, and discontinuity across shifts, leading to inconsistent delivery. Understanding these barriers and facilitators from nurses' perspectives is crucial for improving practice, especially in resource-constrained settings like Palestine. METHODOLOGY: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 150 nurses (mean age 32.1 ± 11.4 years; 58% female; 62% governmental hospitals; 58.7% open units) across diverse Palestinian hospitals. A validated 20-item questionnaire (Cronbach's α = 0.89 overall) assessed 10 barriers and 10 facilitators using a 5-point Likert scale. Data analysis employed descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H), and ordinal logistic regression via SPSS v25.

resultsTop barriers were time limitations (37.3%; mean = 3.52 ± 1.06), unsuitable environment (33.3%; 3.46 ± 1.16), and discontinuity across shifts (32.0%). Key facilitators included prioritizing education evaluation (48.0% agreed; 3.63 ± 1.10), using educational technology (44.0% agreed; 3.67 ± 1.07), and dedicated nurse-educators (46.0% agreed). Significant predictors of higher barriers were older age (p < 0.001), governmental hospitals (p = 0.005), and lower education (Diploma/Bachelor vs. PhD, p < 0.05). Facilitators were more recognized by older nurses (p < 0.001), those in urban areas (B = 1.034, p = 0.016), and governmental staff (p = 0.015).

conclusionsSystemic barriers (time, environment, staffing) and actionable facilitators (technology, evaluation protocols, specialized roles) critically impact patient education in Palestine. Interventions must prioritize resource allocation, protected education time, Arabic-language tools, and leveraging experienced nurses. Policy reforms addressing nurse-patient ratios and institutional support are essential to enhance education quality and patient outcomes. CLINICAL

trial registrationThis research did not involve a clinical trial; no clinical trial registration is applicable.

Indexed as

Cross-sectional studyEducational technologyHealthcare facilitatorsHospital resourcesNursing barriersPalestinePatient educationTime constraints

Identifiers

PMID40598492
PMCPMC12211293

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.