ArticleBMC psychology2025
Translation and psychometric validation of the need to belong scale in Urdu.
Article in BMC psychology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Urdu translation and cross-cultural adaptation of fall risk awareness questionnaire for older adults.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe need to belong is a fundamental human motivation that significantly influences individuals’ thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. However, in Pakistan, there is a lack of linguistically and culturally appropriate tools to assess this construct. The present study aimed to translate the need to belong scale into the Urdu language and examine its psychometric properties. METHODOLOGY: The present study was conducted in two phases. Phase I involved the translation of the scale using MAPI guidelines, while Phase II focused on validating the translated version. A cross-sectional research design and convenience sampling technique were used to recruit a sample of 300 participants (Male = 150, Female = 150). Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was performed to validate the factor structure of the Urdu version. Psychometric properties were evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha reliability and assessments of correlation with other variables.
resultsThe scale demonstrated excellent reliability and validity, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92. Fit indices also supported the model’s adequacy (Goodness of Fit Index = 0.96, Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index = 0.90, Comparative Fit Index = 0.99, Normed Fit Index = 0.96, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.06). The Urdu version of the need to belong scale showed a significant positive correlation with psychological distress and a significant negative correlation with life satisfaction.
conclusionThese findings suggest that the Urdu-translated scale is a reliable and valid instrument, enabling culturally relevant research and mental health assessment among Urdu-speaking populations.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.