Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40598169›Full record

ArticleBMC psychiatry2025

Understanding the burden of depression, anxiety and stress among first-year undergraduate students.

Umar Haruna, Abdul-Raheem Mohammed, Mary Braimah

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC psychiatry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. The crisis we are not naming: The psychology of capitalism.The British journal of social psychology · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Umar HarunaDepartment of Social and Behavioural Change, School of Public Health, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.ORCID 0000-0002-7119-8590
Abdul-Raheem MohammedDepartment of Social and Behavioural Change, School of Public Health, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana. arm.raheem@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-6845-8788
Mary BraimahDepartment of Guidance and Counselling, University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana.ORCID 0000-0001-8221-2709

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study investigated the levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among first-year university students and predictors of depression, anxiety, and stress among this cohort of students. Six hundred and eighty-eight (688) first-year undergraduate students were sampled for the study. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) was used to assess the prevalence of mental health issues. The results showed prevalence rates for depression, anxiety, and stress among students were 49%, 75%, and 73.26%, respectively. Females reported higher levels of all three variables. There were positive correlations between academic stress and depression (r =.27), anxiety (r =.21), and stress (r =.23), all significant at p <.001. These results suggest that depression, anxiety, and stress are common mental health issues among undergraduate students, affecting individuals to varying degrees and influenced by a range of factors.

Indexed as

AnxietyDepressionStress, PsychologicalStudentsAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMalePrevalenceUniversitiesYoung AdultAnxietyDepressionMental healthPrevalenceStressUndergraduate students

Identifiers

PMID40598169
PMCPMC12220226

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.