Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40597639›Full record

ArticleBMC neuroscience2025

Shikonin inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition in glioblastoma cells by upregulating p53 and promoting miR-361-5p level to suppress ZEB1 expression.

Fengying Zhang, Zhiyi Liu, Yingbin Wang, Lin Zuo, Sicong Xu, Yin Liu, Hao Liang, Yixue Xue

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC neuroscience, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Fengying Zhang *Department of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
Zhiyi Liu *Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, China.
Yingbin WangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang, China.
Lin ZuoThe Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, Department of Sleep Medical centre and Department of Neurology, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Sicong XuThe Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, Department of Sleep Medical centre and Department of Neurology, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Yin LiuThe Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, Department of Sleep Medical centre and Department of Neurology, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Hao LiangThe Affiliated Nanhua Hospital of Hengyang Medical School, Department of Sleep Medical centre and Department of Neurology, University of South China, Hengyang, China.
Yixue XueDepartment of Neurobiology, College of Basic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, China. xueyixue2023@163.com.

Funding

Shenyang Municipal Bureau of Science and Technology 202054071
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveShikonin, an active compound from the rhizome of Lithospermum erythrorhizon, exerts anti-tumor effects in various cancers, including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This study explored the mechanism of Shikonin for inhibiting the migration and invasion of GBM cells, providing a rationale for developing novel glioma therapies.

methodsThe effects of Shikonin on GBM cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were detected by CCK-8, scratch wound-healing, Transwell, and Western blot assays. The effect of Shikonin on miR-361-5p expression in GBM cells was examined by RT-qPCR and the effect of miR-361-5p inhibitor transfection on proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT in Shikonin-treated GBM cells was examined. Shikonin's target genes were identified and validated using dual luciferase reporter gene assay and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay, focusing on its induction of miR-361-5p expression. The downstream target genes of miR-361-5p were also identified and validated under Shikonin action. A GBM cell nude mouse xenograft tumor was established to confirm the regulatory role of Shikonin.

resultsShikonin inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT and upregulated miR-361-5p expression in GBM cells. Shikonin upregulated the glioma-associated protein p53, which promoted miR-361-5p transcription. miR-361-5p inhibited ZEB1 expression. Therefore, Shikonin inhibited GBM cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT via p53/ miR-361-5p/ ZEB1 axis in vitro and in vivo.

conclusionShikonin suppresses glioma cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT by inhibiting ZEB1 expression through the p53/miR-361-5p axis.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsEpithelial-Mesenchymal TransitionGlioblastomaMicroRNAsNaphthoquinonesTumor Suppressor Protein p53Zinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1AnimalsCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell ProliferationGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMiceMice, NudeUp-RegulationMicroRNAsMIRN361 microRNA, humanNaphthoquinonesshikoninTP53 protein, humanTumor Suppressor Protein p53ZEB1 protein, humanZinc Finger E-box-Binding Homeobox 1GBMmiR-361-5pShikonin

Identifiers

PMID40597639
PMCPMC12210478

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.