ArticleParasites & vectors2025
Age structure of cohorts of mosquitoes from the field using shortwave infrared spectroscopy before and after ULV adulticide treatment.
Article in Parasites & vectors, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe timely assessment of mosquito control efficacy through monitoring the age structure of wild cohorts of adult mosquitoes would improve operational decision making by control personnel. Analysis of shortwave infrared cuticular spectra for cohorts of laboratory reared Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti of known age has shown that spectra outlier fraction is higher for cohorts of younger versus older weighted average age. This study investigates differences in outlier fraction of shortwave infrared cuticular spectra from wild cohorts of host-seeking mosquitoes of different species collected pre- and postultra-low volume (ULV) adulticiding (pyrethroid derivative, Etofenprox), with the hypothesis that post-treatment cohort spectra will have a higher outlier fraction than pretreatment due to younger mosquitoes replacing older ones killed by treatment.
methodsOver 15,000 mosquitoes representing eleven species were collected 1 day pre-ULV adulticide application and 2 days post application during four biweekly treatments conducted at a site near Westford, Massachusetts from July to August of 2023. Shortwave infrared absorbance measurements were taken on 3100 specimens apportioned from all treatments and collection days, and spectra were then aggregated to pre- and post-treatment datasets for each species.
resultsMeasurable changes occurred in pre- versus post-treatment cohort spectra outlier fraction for all species. A total of 8 of 11 species showed an increase in outlier fraction for post-treatment cohorts when aggregated over a 2-day post-treatment period, indicating replacement of older by younger mosquitoes. Analysis of abundance versus spectra outlier fraction over pre- and post-treatment collection days showed varying trends by species, implying an impact from recruitment of adults from new cohorts during the post-treatment period.
conclusionsWe believe the technique shows promise for monitoring the age-structure of wild cohorts of mosquitoes over time. The method is particularly suitable for surveillance programs since it is rapid, incorporates economic equipment, involves only minimal training, does not require freshly killed mosquitoes and does not use machine learning. Future research should comprise longer post-treatment periods for better trend analysis and be directed toward geographically distinct and problematic mosquito vectors of importance. Further refinements in assessing the utility of the outlier fraction technique for age-grading may consider the influence of mosquito diet and infection with pathogens and focus on potential impacts from mosquito diet and parasitism.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.