Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40597209›Full record

ReviewChinese medicine2025

Natural phytochemical-based strategies for antibiofilm applications.

Kangyu Zhou, Mengyao Shi, Ruyi Chen, Yang Zhang, Yunjie Sheng, Chaoying Tong, Gang Cao, Dan Shou

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Chinese medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed.

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  3. Prevention and Treatment ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Kangyu Zhou *School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Mengyao Shi *School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Ruyi ChenSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Yang ZhangInstitute of Orthopedics and Traumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Yunjie ShengSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
Chaoying TongSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. chaoyingtong@zcmu.edu.cn.
Gang CaoSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. caogang33@163.com.
Dan ShouSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. shoudanok@163.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China NO.82474144Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province NO.QN25H280014Zhejiang Provincial Outstanding Youth Science Foundation No. LTGC24H270001Zhejiang Provincial Ten Thousand Plan for Young Top Talents No. 2022R52031
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBiofilms contribute to the persistence of infectious diseases, complicate the treatment of chronic infections and pose a significant global health threat. However, the effectiveness of antibacterial therapies is often limited by poor penetration of antibiotics, as well as the horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria. Phytochemicals remain a promising source for developing novel antibiofilm agents.

methodsA systematic search of literatures was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Google scholar, and CNKI, with keywords related to "phytochemicals", "natural products", "natural compounds", "alkaloids", "polyphenols", "terpenoids", "quinones", "nanomaterials", "biofilms", "biofilm formation", "biofilm inhibition", and "structure-activity relationship" focusing on studies published from 2014 to 2025.

resultsA total of 38 most extensively studied natural phytochemicals, including alkaloids, flavonoids (i.e., flavonols, flavanols, and chalcones), quinones, non-flavonoid polyphenols, terpenes and others, were systematically screened based on relevant articles from the past decade. Phytochemicals mainly work by targeting quorum sensing systems, reducing virulence factor production, preventing the initial adhesion and targeting the extracellular polymeric substances of biofilms. Well-designed phytochemical-based nanomaterials can enhance permeability, drug loading efficiency, target drug delivery and sustained drug release of phytochemicals, thereby increasing their antibiofilm efficacy.

conclusionPhytochemicals represent a promising therapeutic source for the elimination of bacterial biofilms and associated infections both in the form of molecules or nanomaterials. By synthesizing current progress and identifying future directions, phytochemical-based strategies may inspire innovative solutions and promote translational efforts in combating biofilm-associated challenges in clinical and environmental contexts.

Indexed as

Antibiofilm activityBiofilmsNanomaterialsNatural productsPhytochemicals

Identifiers

PMID40597209
PMCPMC12210829

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.