Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40597164›Full record

ArticleInternational journal for equity in health2025

Access to pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a geospatial analysis of the racial/ethnic composition of areas with and without access.

Zoel A Quiñónez, Kathleen Ryan, Tristan D Margetson, Elisabeth Grosvenor, Charlotte D Smith, Laura M Diaz, Angel Benitez-Melo, Seth Hollander, Danton Char

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Article in International journal for equity in health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Zoel A QuiñónezDepartment of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr Rm H3580 MC, Stanford, CA, 5640, 94305, USA. zoelq@stanford.edu.
Kathleen RyanLucile Packard Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Tristan D MargetsonBetty Irene Moore Children's Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Elisabeth GrosvenorDepartment of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr Rm H3580 MC, Stanford, CA, 5640, 94305, USA.
Charlotte D SmithDivision of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Laura M DiazDivision of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Angel Benitez-MeloDepartment of Biology, University of San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Seth HollanderLucile Packard Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Cardiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
Danton CharDepartment of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Dr Rm H3580 MC, Stanford, CA, 5640, 94305, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWe propose that all communities should have access to lifesaving technologies like pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), and that distance is one actionable component to accessibility. We chose to examine whether geographic access by distance to pediatric ECMO differs by race/ethnicity for populations historically excluded from health services and technologies.

methodsPopulation data was obtained from the US Census Bureau's American Community Survey. Pediatric ECMO program data was obtained from the Extracorporeal Life Support Organization Registry. We compared the proportion of individuals that are American Indian/Alaska Native, Black/African American, Hispanic/Latina(o), or White that live within and outside of a 200-mile distance from pediatric ECMO programs.

results43% of the total US land area falls outside of the US catchment area for pediatric ECMO; and 4.91% of the US population (or 16,433,563 persons) does not have access to a Pediatric ECMO center. One of every four individuals that identify as American Indian/Native American, one of every 100 who identify as Black/African American, one of every 12 that identify as Hispanic/Latina(o), and one of every 21 that identify as White live outside of the pediatric ECMO catchment area for the United States.

conclusionsAmerican Indian/Native Americans and Hispanic/Latina(o)s lack access to pediatric ECMO by proximity. While Black/African Americans live close to ECMO programs, previous studies show that this population has less access to primary and specialized care. Distance is one actionable measurement that should be used to extend access to medical technologies for populations that have historically been excluded.

Indexed as

EthnicityExtracorporeal Membrane OxygenationHealth Services AccessibilityRacial GroupsBlack or African AmericanChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHealthcare DisparitiesHispanic or LatinoHumansMaleSpatial AnalysisUnited StatesWhiteDisparityEquityExtracorporeal membrane oxygenationGeospatialHealthcare access

Identifiers

PMID40597164
PMCPMC12211372

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.