Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40596963›Full record

SynthesisBMC infectious diseases2025

Toxoplasmosis landscape: a systematic review and meta-analysis of seroprevalence in healthy and non-healthy individuals in Sudan (1990-2025).

Abdullah Mohammed, Nasir Ibrahim, Musa Ahmed

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMC infectious diseases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Abdullah MohammedDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Gadarif, Gadarif, Sudan. Bahlol32029@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2534-4953
Nasir IbrahimDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, 13318, Saudi Arabia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6382-8807
Musa AhmedDepartment of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, AL-Salam University, West Kordofan, Sudan.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0224-9718

Funding

Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU) IMSIU-DDRSP2501
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHuman toxoplasmosis is a widespread zoonotic infection with significant public health implications, particularly in Sudan, where the disease burden is high. However, the overall prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in the country remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled seroprevalence of human toxoplasmosis in Sudan and identify associated risk factors.

methodsA comprehensive search was conducted in English and Arabic databases for studies published before February 28, 2025, following PRISMA guidelines. The meta-analysis included 60 studies with 10,866 participants from different regions of Sudan.

resultsThe pooled seroprevalence of human toxoplasmosis was 36% (95% CI: 31-41%), with significant heterogeneity (I

conclusionToxoplasmosis remains highly endemic in Sudan, with certain groups-including males, hemodialysis patients, women of childbearing age, HIV patients, and workers exposed to animals-at heightened risk. Targeted public health interventions are necessary to reduce the disease burden among high-risk populations.

Indexed as

ToxoplasmosisAdultAnimalsAntibodies, ProtozoanFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMalePrevalenceRisk FactorsSeroepidemiologic StudiesSudanToxoplasmaAntibodies, ProtozoanHuman toxoplasmosisMeta-analysisSeroprevalenceSudanSystematic review

Identifiers

PMID40596963
PMCPMC12220412

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.