ArticleBMC cancer2025
Acute appendicitis in patients suffering from Immunocompromising hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-related leukopenia: a cohort study.
Article in BMC cancer, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Emerging Techniques in Minimally Invasive Surgery in Hematologic Malignancies.European journal of haematology · 2026Review
- Article
- Conservative vs. surgical management of acute appendicitis in children with acute leukemia: a single-center retrospective case series.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundAcute appendicitis is a common surgical emergency, but its diagnosis can be challenging in patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-induced leukopenia due to an impaired inflammatory response. The clinical presentation of acute appendicitis in these patients is often atypical, leading to delayed or misdiagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the outcomes of appendectomy in patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-induced leukopenia and assess the applicability of clinical scoring systems for the diagnosis of an acute appendicitis.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-related leukopenia who underwent appendectomy for suspected acute appendicitis between 2007 and 2023. Clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and imaging results were reviewed. The accuracy and relevance of clinical scoring systems for diagnosing acute appendicitis in these patients were also evaluated.
resultsOur study included 12 patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-induced leukopenia who underwent appendectomy. Atypical clinical presentations were common, with a lower frequency of fever, elevated leukocytes, and other typical inflammatory markers. Only one patient developed postoperative complications (acute kidney failure), and none of the patients died due to appendicitis. Clinical scoring systems demonstrated limited applicability in this patient population, often underestimating the likelihood of appendicitis.
conclusionDiagnosing acute appendicitis in patients with hematologic malignancies or chemotherapy-induced leukopenia poses significant challenges, as standard scoring systems prove unreliable. The presence of abdominal pain coupled with elevated C-reactive protein (CRP) levels should prompt a multidisciplinary evaluation and timely imaging. Surgical therapies, particularly laparoscopic approaches, appear safe and feasible in these patients. Ongoing research is essential to refine surgical strategies for the growing population of immunocompromised individuals.
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