Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40596045›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Leveraging crude extracts from European tree bark to combat oxidative stress, enhance wound healing, and inhibit pathogenic bacterial growth.

Sissy Häsler Gunnarsdottir, Johanna Rehrl, Thomas Sepperer, Lena Haretzmüller, David Sesink, Katja Löwenstein, Michael Gadermayr, Claudia Hölzl, Bettina Stelzhammer, Markus Himmelsbach and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Sissy Häsler GunnarsdottirDepartment of Health Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Süd 1, 5412, Puch bei Hallein, Austria. sissy.haeslergunnarsdottir@fh-salzburg.ac.at.
Johanna RehrlDepartment of Health Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Süd 1, 5412, Puch bei Hallein, Austria.
Thomas SeppererDepartment of Design and Green Engineering, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431, Kuchl, Austria.
Lena HaretzmüllerInstitute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.
David SesinkDepartment of Health Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Süd 1, 5412, Puch bei Hallein, Austria.
Katja LöwensteinDepartment of Information Technology and Digitalization, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Süd 1, 5412, Puch bei Hallein, Austria.
Michael GadermayrDepartment of Information Technology and Digitalization, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Süd 1, 5412, Puch bei Hallein, Austria.
Claudia HölzlDepartment of Health Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Süd 1, 5412, Puch bei Hallein, Austria.
Bettina StelzhammerDepartment of Health Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Süd 1, 5412, Puch bei Hallein, Austria.
Markus HimmelsbachInstitute of Analytical and General Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040, Linz, Austria.
Gertie Janneke OostinghDepartment of Health Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Süd 1, 5412, Puch bei Hallein, Austria.
Thomas SchnabelDepartment of Design and Green Engineering, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Markt 136a, 5431, Kuchl, Austria.
Anja SchusterDepartment of Health Sciences, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, Urstein Süd 1, 5412, Puch bei Hallein, Austria.

Funding

Salzburger Landesregierung 20102/F2300703-KZPSalzburger Landesregierung 20204-WISS/140/570/3-2022Salzburg University of Applied Sciences 7081034
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The growing interest in plant-based therapeutics has increased investigations into natural resources rich in bioactive compounds, such as tree bark. Despite historical use in traditional medicine, the therapeutic potential of European tree bark remains underexplored. This study evaluated the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and wound-healing properties of aqueous extracts from the bark of six European tree species, namely Alnus glutinosa, Fagus sylvatica, Betula pendula, Prunus padus, Quercus spp., and Pinus sylvestris. The bark extracts were analyzed for chemical composition, total phenolic content, and antioxidative properties using a DPPH assay and a ROS inhibition assay in human keratinocytes. Antimicrobial activity was tested against seven bacterial strains using a MIC assay, and the wound healing potential was evaluated using a scratch assay. All extracts enhanced wound closure and decreased ROS production in HaCaT cells, with alder and bird cherry bark extracts showing the strongest effects. The antimicrobial assay revealed potent activity against Gram-positive pathogens, with alder bark extract showing the greatest efficacy. The findings highlight the potential therapeutic application of European tree bark extracts in addressing oxidative stress, infections, and wound healing, validating traditional medicinal practices, and providing a sustainable approach for forestry byproducts in modern phytotherapy, potentially contributing to skin disorder treatments.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsBacteriaOxidative StressPlant BarkPlant ExtractsTreesWound HealingAntioxidantsHaCaT CellsHumansKeratinocytesMicrobial Sensitivity TestsReactive Oxygen SpeciesAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntioxidantsPlant ExtractsReactive Oxygen SpeciesAntimicrobialAntioxidantsEuropean tree bark extractsPhytotherapySkin disorderWound healing

Identifiers

PMID40596045
PMCPMC12216259

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.