Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40596036›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Synergistic optimization of mechanical strength and vegetative growth in ecological slope restoration materials through mix ratio design.

Han-Dong Liu, Liujun Fan, Jiaming Luo, Zhikai Chang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Han-Dong LiuCollege of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Liujun FanCollege of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China. liujunfan@zit.edu.cn.
Jiaming LuoCollege of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.
Zhikai ChangCollege of Geosciences and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, 450046, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China No. U1704243
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Ecological slope restoration is crucial for environmental balance, disaster mitigation, and sustainable development. This study evaluates a novel vegetation-growing material with high strength, plant growth performance, and cost efficiency. The key innovation lies in the introduction of a composite ecological regulator (CER), which synergistically balances mechanical strength and ecological functionality by addressing the limitations of conventional materials (e.g., high cement content, pH imbalance). Using orthogonal and secondary optimization tests, we systematically resolved the conflicting effects of cement, CER, microsilica powder, rice husk, and farmyard manure on vegetative characteristics (germination rate, plant height) and physicochemical properties (compressive strength, pH, porosity). Results demonstrate that cement enhances bond strength but increases pH and reduces porosity, with an optimal dosage of 4%. CER improves nutrients and microbial activity but inhibits growth when excessive, with an optimal dosage of 7.5% of cement. Microsilica powder lowers pH and enhances strength, but exceeding 50% of cement reduces porosity. Rice husk improves pore distribution, while 6% organic matter optimizes water retention, germination rate, and plant height, increasing them by 130% and 163%, respectively. The optimal mix ratio was determined as soil:cement:CER:microsilica powder:rice husk:farmyard manure = 100:4:0.3:2:6:2. Research results provide new ideas for material-vegetation synergistic slope protection and ecological restoration.

Indexed as

Composite ecological regulatorEcological restorationMix ratioOrthogonal testVegetation-growing material

Identifiers

PMID40596036
PMCPMC12215993

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.