Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40595993›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Machine learning based on a generative adversarial tri-model.

Song Wang, Ning Xi, Zhengfang Zhou

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Song WangDepartment of Data and Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong. songwang@connect.hku.hk.
Ning XiDepartment of Data and Systems Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
Zhengfang ZhouDepartment of Mathematics, Michigan State University at East Lansing, East Lansing, USA.

Funding

Research Grants Council of Hong Kong 17207323Research Grants Council of Hong Kong 17209521Research Grants Council of Hong Kong 17212922Research Grants Council of Hong Kong C7100-22GResearch Grants Council of Hong Kong C7174-20GResearch Grants Council of Hong Kong T42-717/20-R
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel machine learning paradigm called the generative adversarial tri-model (GAT) to incorporate analytical knowledge into neural networks through a unique positive-sum game strategy. The motivation is to solve the problem that pure machine learning models fail to obey the fundamental governing laws of physics in engineering fields. The GAT method is successfully implemented to solve ODE (ordinary differential equation) problems with various constraints. A strict error bound is proven for initial-constraint problems, which certifies its reliability. The real-world significance of the GAT method is reflected by its application to a human body oscillation recovery problem, based on balance sensor measurements, which is critical for human balancing evaluation, yet unresolved after massive precedent research work. Further human experiment results prove the effectiveness of the GAT method. Both theoretical and experimental studies demonstrate that the GAT method is useful and reliable. It envisions great scalability for wider applications and adaptions prospect.

Indexed as

DEDSGAT methodHuman balancing evaluationNonlinear ODEPINN

Identifiers

PMID40595993
PMCPMC12214555

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.