Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40595914›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

PML localization in tumor associated macrophages as a prognostic marker in triple negative breast cancer.

Bianca Vezzani, Sonia Missiroli, Massimo Pedriali, Patrizia Querzoli, Iva Maestri, Paolo Carcoforo, Giovanni Lanza, Roberta Gafà, Paolo Pinton, Carlotta Giorgi

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Bianca VezzaniDepartment of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, c/o CUBO, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Sonia MissiroliDepartment of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, c/o CUBO, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Massimo PedrialiIntegrated Activity Department of Onco-Hematology, University Hospital of Ferrara, 44124, Cona, FE, Italy.
Patrizia QuerzoliUniversity of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Iva MaestriDepartment of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Paolo CarcoforoDepartment of Medical Sciences, Section of General Surgery, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Giovanni LanzaDepartment of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Roberta GafàDepartment of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Paolo PintonDepartment of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, c/o CUBO, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
Carlotta GiorgiDepartment of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara, 70, c/o CUBO, 44121, Ferrara, Italy. grgclt@unife.it.

Funding

Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro IG19803European Research Council 853057Ministero della Salute GR-2013-02356747Ministero della Salute SG-2019-12369531Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca PE0000006Progetti di Rilevante Interesse Nazionale 7E9EPY
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive and metastatic subtype, characterized by the absence of estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor 2 receptors. Outcomes for TNBC patients vary widely, suggesting this classification encompasses different cancers with distinct histological, genomic, and immunological profiles, leading to variable prognoses. The tumor microenvironment, particularly the expression and localization of promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) in tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), can influence patient outcomes by modulating inflammation. The beneficial prognostic role of increased tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in TNBC is well-established. In this retrospective study, we found that PML expression in tumor cells is inversely related to the presence of TILs and is associated with poorer outcomes. Patients with disease recurrence exhibited higher levels of TAMs with predominantly nuclear-localized PML, in contrast to patients who showed complete recovery. The accumulation of PML in the nucleus reduces its presence at ER-mitochondria contact sites, impairing its interaction with the NLRP3 inflammasome and leading to increased IL-1β secretion. This promotes a pro-inflammatory tumor microenvironment as seen in patients with adverse outcomes. Our findings suggest that both PML expression in cancer cells and its localization in TAMs can serve as additional prognostic factors, highlighting the potential of PML as a therapeutic target in TNBC.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorPromyelocytic Leukemia ProteinTriple Negative Breast NeoplasmsTumor-Associated MacrophagesAdultAgedFemaleHumansInterleukin-1betaLymphocytes, Tumor-InfiltratingMiddle AgedNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinPrognosisRetrospective StudiesTumor MicroenvironmentBiomarkers, TumorInterleukin-1betaNLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 ProteinNLRP3 protein, humanPML protein, humanPromyelocytic Leukemia ProteinBreast cancerPMLPrognostic markersTriple negative breast cancerTumor-associated macrophagesTumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

Identifiers

PMID40595914
PMCPMC12216132

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.