ArticleScientific reports2025
Association between chronic pain and substance use.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Temporal Interference Stimulation of the Motor Cortex Produces Frequency-Dependent Analgesia.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- The Mediating Role of WBC in the Relationship Between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Chronic Pain: Evidence From NHANES 2001-2004 Data.Pain research & management · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Chronic pain is a significant global health problem that affects millions of people globally and in the US which can sometimes lead to unhealthy coping mechanisms such as substance use. This case-control study aimed to examine the relationship between chronic pain and substance use using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study (NHANES). Descriptive analysis and logistic regression models were used to compare the odds of substance use in individuals according to a history of ongoing (≥ 6 weeks) or chronic pain (≥ 3 months). A total of 980 individuals were included in the analysis. Among them, 87.4% reported no substance use, 10.2% single substance use, and 2.3% polysubstance use. Compared with 19.33% of non-substance users, 23.36% of single substance users and 39.21% of polysubstance users reported current ongoing pain (p-value: 0.04). Examining the association between substance use and chronic pain revealed that polysubstance users had a significantly higher risk of having current or a history of ongoing pain or a history of chronic pain compared to non-users, with adjusted odds ratios (aORs) ranging from 2.28 (95% CI 2.27-2.29) to 6.30 (95% CI 6.28-6.32). Single substance users also faced increased risk, with aORs from 1.19 (95% CI 1.18-1.20) to 2.14 (95% CI 2.13-2.15). These results highlight the elevated risk of substance use associated with chronic pain, particularly elevated risk of polysubstance use, after adjustments for demographic, socioeconomic, and mental health factors. These findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions addressing chronic pain to potentially mitigate substance use risks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.