Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40595661›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Genetically encoded affinity reagents are a toolkit for visualizing and manipulating endogenous protein function in vivo.

Curtis W Boswell, Caroline Hoppe, Alice Sherrard, Liyun Miao, Mina L Kojima, Pieter Martino, Ning Zhao, Timothy J Stasevich, Stefania Nicoli, Antonio J Giraldez

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Curtis W Boswell *Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. curtis.boswell@yale.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9521-8779
Caroline Hoppe *Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5600-309X
Alice SherrardDepartment of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1220-4492
Liyun MiaoDepartment of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4654-7752
Mina L KojimaDepartment of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3387-8608
Pieter MartinoDepartment of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Ning ZhaoDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado-Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
Timothy J StasevichDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0151-6274
Stefania NicoliDepartment of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Antonio J GiraldezDepartment of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. antonio.giraldez@yale.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6823-137X

Funding

Molecular mechanisms of the maternal to zygotic transitionR35GM122580 · NIGMS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Antonio J Giraldez · 2017 to 2026
$8.1M
Deciphering the regulatory code that specifies different cell fates in development using single cell genomicsR01HD100035 · NICHD · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI GIRALDEZ, ANTONIO J, KRISHNASWAMY, SMITA · 2020 to 2024
$2.8M
Multimodal Analysis of the Genome Architecture Using Expansion MicroscopyR01HG012969 · NHGRI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Joerg Bewersdorf, Antonio J Giraldez · 2024 to 2026
$2.1M
Mechanisms Regulating Chromatin Organization and Epigenetic MemoryR01HD119238 · NICHD · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Antonio J Giraldez · 2025 to 2026
$1.2M
High Performance Computing Instrumentation for the Yale Center for Genome AnalysisS10OD030363 · OD · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI MANE, SHRIKANT M · 2022 to 2022
$1.2M
Investigating the role of nuclear mechanics in the regulation of chromatin structure and embryonic cell fateK99HD112607 · NICHD · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI SHERRARD, ALICE LOUISA · 2023 to 2024
$249k
NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG012969NICHD NIH HHS K99 HD112607NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD100035NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD119238NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM122580NIH HHS S10 OD030363
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Probing endogenous protein localization and function in vivo remains challenging due to laborious gene targeting and monofunctional alleles. Here, we develop a multifunctional and adaptable toolkit based on genetically encoded affinity reagents (GEARs). GEARs use small epitopes recognized by nanobodies and single chain variable fragments to enable fluorescent visualization, manipulation and degradation of protein targets in vivo. Furthermore, we outline a CRISPR/Cas9-based epitope tagging pipeline to demonstrate its utility for producing knock-in alleles that have broad applications. We use GEARs to examine the native behavior of the pioneer transcription factor Nanog and the planar cell polarity protein Vangl2 during early zebrafish development. Together, this toolkit provides a versatile system for probing and perturbing endogenous protein function while circumventing challenges associated with conventional gene targeting and is broadly available to the model organism community.

Indexed as

CRISPR-Cas SystemsGene Knock-In TechniquesAnimalsEpitopesSingle-Chain AntibodiesSingle-Domain AntibodiesZebrafishZebrafish ProteinsEpitopesSingle-Chain AntibodiesSingle-Domain AntibodiesZebrafish Proteins

Identifiers

PMID40595661
PMCPMC12216260

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.