Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40595476›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Variable and interactive effects of Sex, APOE ε4 and TREM2 on the deposition of tau in entorhinal and neocortical regions.

Joseph Giorgio, Caroline Jonson, Yilin Wang, Jennifer S Yokoyama, Jingshen Wang, William J Jagust, Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
10citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

10 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Alzheimer's Disease Risk Factor APOE4 Exerts Dimorphic Effects on Female Bone.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Joseph Giorgio *Department of Neuroscience, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA. jgiorgio@berkeley.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3704-5977
Caroline Jonson *Center for Alzheimer's and Related Dementias, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Yilin Wang *Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Jennifer S YokoyamaMemory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7274-2634
Jingshen WangDivision of Biostatistics, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.
William J JagustDepartment of Neuroscience, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4458-113X
Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Funding

The Health & Aging Brain Study - Health Disparities (HABS-HD)U19AG078109 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR · PI LEIGH A JOHNSON · 2022 to 2026
$181.1M
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative - SupplementU01AG024904 · NIA · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE RES &EDUC · PI WEINER, MICHAEL W · 2004 to 2015
$121.0M
Harmonized Data-Derived Resources for the Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias CommunityZIAAG000534 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI COOKSON, MARK · 2019 to 2025
$85.1M
TDP-43 Loss-of-Function: Biology to BiomarkersP01AG019724 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI Jennifer Merrilees · 2002 to 2026
$67.2M
Health and Aging Brain among Latino Elders (HABLE-AT(N)) StudyR01AG058533 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR · PI JOHNSON, LEIGH A, O'BRYANT, SID E · 2020 to 2025
$45.4M
Project 2: Biomarker Analysis, Non-Genetic Risk Factors, and Their Genetic InteractionsU19AG079774 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI HELENA Chang CHUI, Gyungah Jun · 2023 to 2026
$39.4M
Research Education ComponentP30AG062422 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Katherine P Rankin · 2019 to 2026
$36.9M
TR&D3: Intrinsic Surface MappingP41EB015922 · NIBIB · UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA · PI TOGA, ARTHUR W · 2012 to 2022
$14.1M
Health Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment among Mexican AmericansR01AG054073 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF NORTH TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR · PI O'BRYANT, SID E, TOGA, ARTHUR W · 2017 to 2021
$12.6M
Neural and Biochemical Mechanisms of Cognitive AgingR01AG034570 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIF-LAWRENC BERKELEY LAB · PI William J. Jagust · 2009 to 2026
$12.0M
Tau Metabolism in FTD: From Gene Mutations to Molecular Chaperones and Lysosomal ProteasesU54NS123985 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI AGARD, DAVID A., KAO, AIMEE · 2021 to 2025
$9.0M
US-South American Initiative for Genetic-Neural-Behavioral Interactions in Human Neurodegenerative ResearchR01AG057234 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Claudia Duran-Aniotz, Agustin M. Ibanez · 2019 to 2026
$6.1M
Alzheimer's Association 23AARF-1026883Intramural NIH HHS ZIA AG000534NIA NIH HHS P01 AG019724NIA NIH HHS P30 AG062422NIA NIH HHS R01 AG034570NIA NIH HHS R01 AG054073NIA NIH HHS R01 AG057234NIA NIH HHS R01 AG058533NIA NIH HHS R01 AG062542NIA NIH HHS R01 AG062588NIA NIH HHS U01 AG024904NIA NIH HHS U19 AG078109NIA NIH HHS U19 AG079774NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB015922NIDA NIH HHS 75N95022C00031NINDS NIH HHS U54 NS123985
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The canonical Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathological cascade posits that the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) is the initiating event, accelerating the accumulation of tau in the entorhinal cortex (EC), which subsequently spreads into the neocortex. Here in a multi-cohort study (ADNI, A4, HABS-HD) of 1354 participants with multimodal imaging and genetic information we queried how genetic variation affects these stages of the AD cascade. We observed that females and APOE-ε4 homozygotes are more susceptible to the effects of Aβ on the primary accumulation of tau, with greater EC tau for a given level of Aβ. Furthermore, we observed for individuals who have rare risk variants in TREM2 and/or APOE-ε4 homozygotes there was a greater spread of primary tau from the EC into the neocortex. These findings offer insights into the function of sex, APOE and microglia in AD progression and have implications for determining personalised treatment with drugs targeting Aβ and tau.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseApolipoprotein E4Entorhinal CortexMembrane GlycoproteinsNeocortexReceptors, Immunologictau ProteinsAgedAged, 80 and overAmyloid beta-PeptidesCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleSex FactorsAmyloid beta-PeptidesApolipoprotein E4Membrane GlycoproteinsReceptors, Immunologictau ProteinsTREM2 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID40595476
PMCPMC12214702

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.