Experimental investigation on addition of furfuryl alcohol to diesel plastic fuel blends and optimization using Kissing Numbers.

Geetha Narayanan Kannaiyan, Bridjesh Pappula, Seshibe Makgato

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Geetha Narayanan KannaiyanDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa (UNISA), C/O Christiaan de Wet & Pioneer Avenue, Florida Campus, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa.

Bridjesh PappulaDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa (UNISA), C/O Christiaan de Wet & Pioneer Avenue, Florida Campus, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa.

Seshibe MakgatoDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa (UNISA), C/O Christiaan de Wet & Pioneer Avenue, Florida Campus, Johannesburg, 1710, South Africa. makgato2001@yahoo.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Managing plastic waste while ensuring sustainable energy solutions is one of the critical challenges in modern engineering. The present study aims to address the combined issues of plastic waste management and engine exhaust gas emissions by replacing 50% of diesel with 50% of oil produced from plastic waste. Experimental tests were conducted on a common rail direct injection engine using Diesel Plastic Fuel (DPF = 50% Diesel + 50% Waste Plastic Fuel) and DPF blends containing 5%, 10%, and 15% Furfuryl Alcohol (FA), such as DPF-FA5, DPF-FA10, and DPF-FA15 across engine loads ranging from 20% to 100%. Key parameters such as Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), cylinder pressure, heat release rate, and emissions (CO, CO

Indexed as

CRDi engineDiesel plastic fuelFurfuryl alcoholKissing NumbersOptimizationWaste plastic fuel

Identifiers

PMID40595021

DOI10.1038/s41598-025-07174-4

PMCPMC12218412

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY-NC-ND

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.