Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40594983›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Solitary waves, bifurcation, chaos, sensitivity, and multistability of electrical transmission line model.

Muhammad Abdaal Bin Iqbal, Muhammad Zubair Raza, Maasoomah Sadaf, Ghazala Akram, Muhammad Yousaf, Homan Emadifar, Wael W Mohammed, Karim K Ahmed

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Muhammad Abdaal Bin IqbalDepartment of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
Muhammad Zubair RazaDepartment of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
Maasoomah SadafDepartment of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
Ghazala AkramDepartment of Mathematics, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
Muhammad YousafDepartment of Mathematics, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
Homan EmadifarDepartment of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 602 105, India. homan_emadi@yahoo.com.
Wael W MohammedDepartment of Mathematics, College of Science, University of Ha'il, 2440, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
Karim K AhmedDepartment of Mathematics, Faculty of Engineering, German International University (GIU), New Administrative Capital, Cairo, Egypt.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This research explores the (2+1)-D nonlinear electrical transmission line equation (NLETLE), highlighting its unique localized wave solutions and the interactions that arise from them. Through the application of a novel multivariate generalized exponential differential function technique and generalized logistic equation approach, we have successfully generated a diverse array of new structures, particularly characterized by bright soliton, bright-singular soliton, kink soliton, and periodic waveforms. These solutions play a crucial role in demonstrating the complex structure and varied dynamics that are characteristic of nonlinear systems in higher dimensions. To achieve a comprehensive understanding, we depict these solutions using 3D surface density plots and line graphs. Additionally, we analyze the dynamic behavior of the system through bifurcation analysis, which is graphically represented by phase portraits. Subsequently, we incorporate periodic functions into the dynamical system to investigate the nonlinear properties of the dynamical system, in order to uncover its chaotic behavior, utilizing concepts derived from the theory of chaos. The observation and confirmation of chaotic behavior are achieved by employing a range of chaos detection tools. In addition, we conduct a sensitivity analysis to determine how minor modifications in the system affect its overall behavior, which in turn provides greater insight into its robustness and ability to respond to perturbations. By varying the initial conditions, we analyze multistability, which highlights the system's ability to display multiple stable states influenced by choosing suitable parametric values. The results acquired from this research are new and significant for the continued exploration of the (2+1)-D NLETLE, offering direction for future scholars.

Indexed as

(2+1)-D NLETLEBifurcation analysisChaotic behaviorInnovative analytical techniquesMultistability analysisSensitivity analysis

Identifiers

PMID40594983
PMCPMC12217829

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.