Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40594267›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Long term urban wastewater irrigation drives zinc bioaccumulation and health risks in contaminated vegetables.

Shahzad Akhtar, Ahmed Muneeb, Zafar Iqbal Khan, Iram Saba, Kafeel Ahmad, Mohammad Faisal, Abdulrahman A Alatar, Muhammad Iftikhar Hussain, Rana Muhammad Zubair, Muhammad Nadeem

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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Shahzad AkhtarDepartment of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan. 79shahzadrana@gmail.com.
Ahmed MuneebDepartment of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
Zafar Iqbal KhanDepartment of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
Iram SabaDepartment of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, GC Women University Sialkot, Sialkot, 51310, Pakistan.
Kafeel AhmadDepartment of Botany, Baba Guru Nanak University, Nankana Sahib, Punjab, Pakistan.
Mohammad FaisalDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman A AlatarDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Muhammad Iftikhar HussainDepartment of Plant Biology & Soil Science, Universidad de Vigo, Vigo, 36310, Spain.
Rana Muhammad ZubairDepartment of Botany, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan.
Muhammad NadeemInstitute of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.

Funding

King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Project (RSP2024R86)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Zinc (Zn) is a vital plant nutrient, and its judicious use is required for plant growth, development, and productivity. This study assessed the uptake of zinc in kitchen vegetables after being treated with wastewater (WW), canal water (CW), or tube well water (TW). Samples of water, soil and edible portions of selected vegetables (Spinacia oleracea, Brassica campestris, Coriandrum sativum, and Mentha spicata) were collected randomly from three ecological sites (Sargodha, Sahiwal, and Shahpur) in Punjab, Pakistan. The results revealed that the Zn concentrations in water (0.7757-1.4521 mgL

Indexed as

Agricultural IrrigationFood ContaminationVegetablesWastewaterWater Pollutants, ChemicalZincBioaccumulationCitiesEnvironmental MonitoringHumansPakistanSoilSoil PollutantsSoilSoil PollutantsWastewaterWater Pollutants, ChemicalZincBioaccumulationEnrichment factorGeoaccumulation indexPollution indicesTarget hazard quotient

Identifiers

PMID40594267
PMCPMC12219195

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.