ArticleScientific reports2025
Global trends, health inequalities, and projections in the burden of neglected tropical diseases and malaria from 1990 to 2021.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Global Inequities in Unpaid Cancer Caregiving: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis of Time and Cost Burden.Cancer medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Research Advances and Future Perspectives of Point-of-Care Detection Technologies and Biosensors for Mosquito-Borne Viruses.Biosensors · 2026Review
- Guanidines: Privileged Scaffolds Against Neglected Tropical Diseases: A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Urban flooding as a biohazard risk: A call to address environmental and health inequities in tropical cities.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Priority without progress: the FDA's neglected tropical disease voucher program after 18 years.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) and malaria, as tropical diseases, have long been major global public health challenges, particularly in low-income countries. Although the burden of NTDs and malaria has declined in recent years, significant health inequalities persist across regions. In the future, climate change may further exacerbate the burden of NTDs and malaria, with these burdens likely to disproportionately concentrate in low-income countries. This study aims to describe the global trends in the burden of NTDs and malaria, reveal health inequalities, and forecast future disease burdens. This study utilizes the latest data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 to assess the global trends and spatial distribution of NTDs and malaria burden from 1990 to 2021. Inequality analyses and frontier analysis were employed to evaluate disparities in disease burden and governance potential across countries, and the interactive effects between environmental risks and socio-economic factors on the burden of NTDs and malaria were explored in depth. Furthermore, the Bayes Age-Prior-Cohort model was used to forecast changes in disease burden from 2022 to 2041. From 1990 to 2021, the age-standardized DALY rate for NTDs and malaria declined from 1506.54 to 1020.27 per 100,000. Western Sub-Saharan Africa remains the most affected, contributing 51.18% of the global burden. Males have lower incidence but higher mortality rates compared to females. Despite improvements in global inequality, regional disparities persist. Environmental and socio-economic factors interact significantly, exacerbating the burden in vulnerable regions. The NTDs and malaria burden is projected to increase over the next 20 years, particularly in Middle and Low-middle Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) regions. Despite a global decline in the burden of NTDs and malaria, low-income countries, particularly in Western Sub-Saharan Africa, continue to experience significant health inequalities. Global climate change may exacerbate this burden, and these burdens will be disproportionately concentrated in tropical, poverty-stricken countries.
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