The effects of robot anthropomorphic characteristics on employees' anti-robot sabotage.

Robot anthropomorphic characteristics have not only been widely manifested in production practices, but their positive effects on human-robot interaction have also been investigated and validated in academic research. Nonetheless, existing research has not adequately addressed the potential adverse effects of robot anthropomorphic characteristics. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of their influence, this study introduces a dual-edged sword effect model based on cognitive-experiential self-theory. Specifically, we posit that robot anthropomorphic characteristics can empower employees with perceived relational energy, thereby reducing anti-robot sabotage. However, they may also heighten employees' perceived job threat, potentially resulting in more anti-robot sabotage. Furthermore, we argue that employee openness to experience amplifies the indirect effects of these characteristics on employees' anti-robot sabotage through perceived relational energy, while mitigating those mediated by perceived job threat. Empirical evidence supporting our hypotheses was gathered through a paired field study involving 622 employees and their store managers, illustrating how robot anthropomorphic characteristics shape employee perceptions and subsequent actions. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of robot anthropomorphic characteristics and holds significant practical implications for anthropomorphic robot implementation.