ArticleScientific reports2025
Clinical and immunopathological evaluation and its comparison with IHC consensus molecular subtypes of colorectal cancer.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Advances in immunotherapy for colorectal cancer: overcoming resistance in mismatch repair-proficient tumors.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
- Mechanism of ABCD3 inhibiting colorectal cancer progression by regulating Wnt/β-catenin.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This study examined the prognostic significance of immunoscore within consensus molecular subtypes (CMS), tumour budding (TB), and macrophage infiltration in colorectal cancer (CRC). A retrospective series was analysed using immunohistochemical staining, immunoscore evaluation, and CMS classification, according to established methods. Among the 255 patients with CRC, 34.9% had stage III disease. The CMS classification showed a predominance of CMS2/3 (69.4%), with relapse occurring across all the subtypes. Low immunoscore was frequent in conventional and serrated adenocarcinomas, as well as in CMS2/3, whereas MSI-H correlated with intermediate-high immunoscore. TB was prevalent in relapsed patients, particularly in CMS2/3 and CMS4, and was linked to serrated histology. TB of ≥ 20 foci was correlated with hepatic metastases. CD163+ macrophage infiltration was common in CMS1 and CMS2/3, and was associated with high immune scores. TB influenced overall and relapse-free survival, whereas CMS affected the overall survival. Immunoscore were not associated with survival. The associations identified between CMS subtypes and clinical as well as pathological characteristics enhance the understanding of CMS behaviour in clinical practice.
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Registered trials
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