Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40593655›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Potential impact and cost-effectiveness of long-acting injectable lenacapavir plus cabotegravir as HIV treatment in Africa.

Andrew Phillips, Jennifer Smith, Loveleen Bansi-Matharu, Kenly Sikwese, Cissy Kityo, Charles Flexner, Marco Vitoria, Nathan Ford, Meg Doherty, Zack Panos and 6 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 8 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Lenacapavir as pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. Highly efficient production of HIV-1Journal of virology · 2025
    Article
  8. Lenacapavir for HIV Prevention in Africa: Opportunities, Barriers, and Policy Priorities.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Andrew PhillipsInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK. andrew.phillips@ucl.ac.uk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2384-4807
Jennifer SmithInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Loveleen Bansi-MatharuInstitute for Global Health, University College London, London, UK.
Kenly SikweseAfroCAB, Lusaka, Zambia.
Cissy KityoJoint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda.
Charles FlexnerJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Marco VitoriaDepartment of Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Nathan FordDepartment of Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Meg DohertyDepartment of Global HIV, Hepatitis and Sexually Transmitted Infections Programmes, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
Zack PanosChildren's Investment Fund Foundation, London, UK.
David RipinClinton Health Access Initiative, New York, NY, USA.
Matthew HickeyUniversity of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8913-1602
Diane HavlirUniversity of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Monica GandhiUniversity of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7025-1994
Michael ReidUniversity of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Paul RevillUniversity of York, York, UK.

Funding

“Hair Lengthening”: Using Hair Levels to Interpret Long-Acting PrEP Studies.R37AI098472 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Monica Gandhi · 2023 to 2026
$3.2M
Implementation Strategies to Improve Hypertension Treatment in KenyaK23HL162578 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI Matthew Hickey · 2022 to 2026
$944k
Gates Foundation INV-007145NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL162578NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI098472World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although viral suppression is attained for most adults living with diagnosed HIV in East, Central, Southern and West Africa (ECSWA), challenges remain with sustained adherence to daily oral pill taking for some in the population. Here, we evaluate the potential effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of introduction of a new combination of long-acting injectable drugs of lenacapavir + cabotegravir to increase levels of sustained viral suppression. We find there is potential for a significant impact on HIV deaths and disability adjusted life years, including due to a decrease in mother to child transmission. If lenacapavir + cabotegravir can be sourced at a cost of around $ 80 per year or less, our analysis suggests there is potential for a policy to introduce it to be cost-effective in settings in ECSWA. Recognising the limitations of a modelling study, we suggest that implementation studies be conducted to confirm the viability of these approaches.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsCost-Benefit AnalysisHIV InfectionsPyridonesAcetamidesAfricaDiketopiperazinesHIV-1HumansIndazolesInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalAcetamidesAnti-HIV AgentscabotegravirDiketopiperazinesIndazoleslenacapavirPyridones

Identifiers

PMID40593655
PMCPMC12217318

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.