ArticleNature communications2025
Gut microbiota-derived GlcNAc-MurNAc is a TLR4 agonist that protects the host gut.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular Vesicles Modulation by an Adiponectin Receptor Agonist Provides Cardioprotection for Myocardial Ischemic Injury.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- The Gut-Pancreas Axis in Type 1 Diabetes: Emerging Insights into Microbiota and Immune Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Microbiota-induced EI24 improves homeostasis but impedes function of alveolar macrophages via metabolic regulation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- A syntheticScience advances · 2026Article
- Commensal bacterial glycosylation at the interface of host-bacteria interactions.Gut microbes · 2025Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Gut microbiota-derived peptidoglycan fragments (PGNs) are key signaling molecules that regulate multiple aspects of the host's health. Yet the exact structures of natural PGNs in hosts have not been fully elucidated. Herein, we developed an LC-HRMS/MS analytical platform for global quantification and profiling of natural PGN subtypes in host gut and sera, unexpectedly revealing the abundance of PGN-derived saccharide moieties that do not resemble canonical ligands of mammalian NOD1/2 receptors. Focusing on the disaccharide GlcNAc-MurNAc (GM), which does not activate NOD1/2 yet still exhibits immunostimulatory effects in host immune cells, we established GM as a mild TLR4 agonist, illustrating an alternate PGN sensing mechanism other than NOD signaling. Importantly, the administration of GM mitigates colonic inflammation in the DSS-induced colitis model in mice via a TLR4-dependent manner, highlighting the in vivo significance of gut microbiota-derived PGN saccharides in maintaining host intestinal homeostasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.