Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40593170›Full record

GuidelineEuropean radiology2026

Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT: definition of positive, indeterminate, and negative screen results. A nodule management recommendation from the European Society of Thoracic Imaging.

Annemiek Snoeckx, Mario Silva, Helmut Prosch, Jürgen Biederer, Thomas Frauenfelder, Fergus Gleeson, Colin Jacobs, Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Anagha P Parkar, Cornelia Schaefer-Prokop and 2 more

Abstract readPractice GuidelineReview
In one paragraph

Guideline in European radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Guideline
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. MRI for Lung Cancer Management: Any Closer to Clinical Application?Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Incidental Pulmonary Nodules: What Should We Do in 2026?Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases · 2026
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Annemiek SnoeckxDepartment of Radiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium. Annemiek.snoeckx@uza.be.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2101-2783
Mario SilvaScienze Radiologiche, Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
Helmut ProschDepartment of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Jürgen BiedererDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Thomas FrauenfelderInstitute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Fergus GleesonDepartment of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Colin JacobsDepartment of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Hans-Ulrich KauczorDepartment of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Anagha P ParkarDepartment of Radiology, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Cornelia Schaefer-ProkopDepartment of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Mathias Prokop *Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. mathias.prokop@radboudumc.nl.
Marie-Pierre Revel *Department of Radiology, Cochin Hospital, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Early detection of lung cancer through low-dose CT lung cancer screening in a high-risk population has proven to reduce lung cancer-specific mortality. Nodule management plays a pivotal role in early detection and further diagnostic approaches. The European Society of Thoracic Imaging (ESTI) has established a nodule management recommendation to improve the handling of pulmonary nodules detected during screening. For solid nodules, the primary method for assessing the likelihood of malignancy is to monitor nodule growth using volumetry software. For subsolid nodules, the aggressiveness is determined by measuring the solid part. The ESTI-recommendation enhances existing protocols but puts a stronger focus on lesion aggressiveness. The main goals are to minimise the overall number of follow-up examinations while preventing the risk of a major stage shift and reducing the risk of overtreatment. KEY POINTS: Question Assessment of nodule growth and management according to guidelines is essential in lung cancer screening. Findings Assessment of nodule aggressiveness defines follow-up in lung cancer screening. Clinical relevance The ESTI nodule management recommendation aims to reduce follow-up examinations while preventing major stage shift and overtreatment.

Indexed as

Early Detection of CancerLung NeoplasmsMultiple Pulmonary NodulesSolitary Pulmonary NoduleTomography, X-Ray ComputedEuropeHumansMass ScreeningRadiation DosageSocieties, MedicalArtificial intelligenceLow-dose computed tomographyLung cancerPulmonary noduleScreening programs (diagnostic)

Identifiers

PMID40593170
PMCPMC12711968

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.