Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40592887›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Optogenetic restoration of high-sensitivity vision using ChRmine- and ChroME-based channelrhodopsins.

Victoria C Fong, Beatrice M Le, Antonia Stefanov, Vivian Lee, Seohyun Park, Adithya Sivakumar, Sabrina Spatny, Meike Visel, W Rowland Taylor, Stephen G Brohawn and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Victoria C Fong *Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Beatrice M Le *Herbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Antonia StefanovHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Vivian LeeDepartment of Molecular Environmental Biology, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Seohyun ParkDepartment of Bioengineering, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Adithya SivakumarDepartment of Molecular and Cell Biology, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Sabrina SpatnySchool of Public Health, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Meike ViselHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
W Rowland TaylorHerbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Stephen G BrohawnHelen Wills Neuroscience Institute, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
John G FlanneryHerbert Wertheim School of Optometry and Vision Science, The University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA. flannery@berkeley.edu.

Funding

TRAINING PROGRAM IN VISION SCIENCET32EY007043 · NEI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI Suzanne MJ FLEISZIG · 1985 to 2026
$12.9M
Structural and mechanistic basis of channelrhodopsin functionR01GM148599 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BERKELEY · PI Stephen Graf Brohawn · 2023 to 2026
$1.9M
NEI NIH HHS T32 EY007043NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM148599
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Optogenetic gene therapy is a promising mutation-independent treatment that aims to restore visual perception in patients blinded by retinal diseases that cause photoreceptor degeneration. Still, low sensitivity or slow kinetics of currently utilized optogenetic proteins limit the efficacy of such approaches. Here, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of three channelrhodopsin variants: ChRmine, from the algae Rhodomonas lens, ChRmine-T119A, a faster-closing ChRmine variant, and ChroME2s, a second-generation Chronos-based opsin.We expressed these opsins in retinal ganglion cells of rd1 mice, a model of severe retinal degeneration. Single cell electrophysiology demonstrates opsin's large sensitivity to a range of light intensities as well as opsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells generated action potentials in response to light stimulation. Behavioral tests showed ChRmine-T119A's efficacy at 360 lux compared to unmodified ChRmine and ChroME2s. ChRmine and ChroME2s did restore light perception at higher light intensities. Additionally, our dose-response study with ChRmine-T119A revealed that lower viral titers were more effective at restoring light sensitivity. Our study demonstrates that these ChRmine- and ChroME-based opsins can enhance vision in late-stage blinding diseases.

Indexed as

ChannelrhodopsinsGenetic TherapyOptogeneticsRetinal DegenerationAction PotentialsAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalGenetic VectorsIntravitreal InjectionsLightMiceMice, Inbred C57BLMice, TransgenicPhotic StimulationRetinal Ganglion CellsVision, OcularChannelrhodopsinsChannelrhodopsinElectrophysiologyGene therapyMouse behaviorOptogeneticsRetinal diseaseVision restoration

Identifiers

PMID40592887
PMCPMC12217448

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.