Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40592802›Full record

ReviewThe clinical respiratory journal2025

Inactivated Mycobacterial Vaccine Nebulized Inhalation: A Effective Therapy for the Prevention and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases?

Xiaohong Jiang, Qixiang Sun, Yujia Huang, Yuetian Deng, Chaoqian Li

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in The clinical respiratory journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiaohong JiangDepartment of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2008-9029
Qixiang SunDepartment of Geriatric Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Yujia HuangDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China.
Yuetian DengDepartment of Endocrinology Medicine, Cadre Ward, Guangxi Medical University Kaiyuan Langdong Hospital, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Chaoqian LiDepartment of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82360024
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nebulized inhalation therapy is an important method in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, and inactivated mycobacterial vaccine nebulized inhalation has received a wide attention recently, but the roles and mechanisms are still not fully understood. A literature search showed there is a strong scientific rationale and evidence that nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine is effective in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases. Clinically available mycobacterial vaccines include Mycobacterium phlei (M. phlei), BCG, and Mycobacterium vaccae (M. vaccae). Nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine, especially M. vaccae, has been used in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases, such as asthma, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and sepsis. It acts on the respiratory tract directly, thus stimulating the body to produce an immune response, enhance respiratory immunity, and achieve prevention and treatment effects. Nebulized inhalation of inactivated mycobacterial vaccine will be an effective therapy in the prevention and treatment of respiratory diseases.

Indexed as

Bacterial VaccinesNebulizers and VaporizersAdministration, InhalationHumansMycobacteriumVaccines, InactivatedBacterial VaccinesVaccines, InactivatedBCGinactivatedmycobacterial vaccineMycobacterium phleiMycobacterium vaccaenebulized inhalation

Identifiers

PMID40592802
PMCPMC12213138

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.