Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40591618›Full record

ArticlePloS one2025

Social media perceptions of college football performance and season length 2019-2023.

Michael L Smith, Austin B Berenda, Valerie Kilders, Nicole Olynk Widmar, Courtney Bir, F Bailey Norwood, Zack Neuhofer, Lauren Bales

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PloS one, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Michael L SmithDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6379-8338
Austin B BerendaDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.
Valerie KildersDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.
Nicole Olynk WidmarDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.
Courtney BirDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0862-8241
F Bailey NorwoodDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America.
Zack NeuhoferDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.
Lauren BalesDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, United States of America.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

College Football carries a strong social, cultural, and economic importance in the United States with teams, universities, the public and others leveraging social media and the online sphere to promote and discuss events and happenings. In our study, we quantify the mentions and underlying public sentiment of online posts related to American College Football originating in the 2019-2023 seasons on social and news media in the United States. We complement this with an analysis of how team performance clustered into conference levels relates to social media data using ordinary least squares. We find the impact of the 2020 season, which had pandemic-induced schedule adjustments, was felt across the sports landscape, but impacted different conferences in diverse ways. We further observe that public sentiment during the season tends to be higher in Power Five conferences that have a lower winning percentage. Additionally, our results suggest that the COVID season corresponds to decreased mentions. The effect on sentiment is less clear, but we more generally find that the winning percentage (positively) predicts sentiment.

Indexed as

Athletic PerformanceFootballSocial MediaHumansLeast-Squares AnalysisPerceptionSeasonsUnited StatesUniversities

Identifiers

PMID40591618
PMCPMC12212522

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC0
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.