ReviewApplied microbiology and biotechnology2025
Borrelia surface proteins: new horizons in Lyme disease diagnosis.
Review in Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Many hosts, many solutions: How reservoirs shape Borrelia protein diversity.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Multiplexed single-tier immunoassay for improved Lyme disease diagnosis across all disease stages.Research square · 2026Article
- From forest floor to doctor's office: the immunological journey ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Genetic Diversity of Siberian Isolates ofMicroorganisms · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Spirochetes of the genus Borrelia are the causative agents of vector-borne diseases, including Lyme borreliosis (LB). Clinical LB diagnosis is challenging due to the heterogeneous and nonspecific symptoms among patients further complicated by the potential for co-infection with Borrelia species and other pathogens. Current diagnosis is based on an indirect serological approach with limitations such as early-stage low sensitivity and cross reactivity. This review explores the potential of Borrelia surface proteins as biomarkers for a more accurate diagnosis of LB, with a particular interest in proteins involved in (i) tissue adhesion, essential for host colonization, (ii) antigenic variation, and (iii) immune evasion. By detailing the role of the distinct surface proteins, the review highlights their potential as biomarkers in order to improve the detection of LB, particularly in the early stages. In addition to their diagnostic value, they also represent potential targets for the development of new therapeutic strategies. KEYPOINTS: • Various Borrelia surface proteins drive host colonization and immune evasion. • Novel bacterial proteins biomarkers are needed for improved diagnosis and therapy. • State of the art on Borrelia surface proteins and their associated role.
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Registered trials
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