ReviewFrontiers in immunology2025
Targeting oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy: mechanisms, pathology, and novel treatment approaches.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Risk factors for the occurrence and progression of diabetic retinopathy in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Dysfunction of the Neurovascular Unit in Diabetic Retinopathy: Advances from Molecular Mechanisms to Targeted Interventions.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2026Review
- Article
- Dietary and Formulation Potential of Natural Oils and Fats in Ocular Health and Disease: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Future Directions.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Alpinia Oxyphylla-Shenqi Siwu Decoction protects against high glucose-induced retinal pigment epithelial cell injury involving the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.International ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Tempol Attenuates Diabetes-induced Transcriptomic Changes in the Rat Retina.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Redox regulation of PDE6 and cGMP signaling in diabetic retinal neurodegeneration.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026Review
- Predictors of time to diabetic retinopathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a survival analysis study.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- ITPR2 regulates microglial pyroptosis by CaJournal of translational medicine · 2026Article
- Advancing Treatment of Degenerative Eye Diseases at the Nanoscale.Smart medicine · 2026Review
- Contrast Sensitivity Impairment in Diabetic Retinopathy: Clinical and Structural Correlates.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Bioactive Properties of Carotenoids in Ocular Diseases: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Neuroprotective Effects.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Hydroxysafflor Yellow A for Diabetic Retinopathy: A Critical Review of Retinal Neurovascular Mechanisms and Systemic-to-Ocular Pharmacokinetic Barriers.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Reactive oxygen species in thoracic aortic dissection: Insights into mechanisms and disease progression.Redox biology · 2026Review
- Chitosan-Functionalized Liposome-Mediated Fundus Delivery of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate for Diabetic Retinopathy Therapy.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Erythropoietin preserves outer blood-retinal barrier integrity in diabetic retinopathy via AMPK-dependent autophagy and Nrf2 signaling.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Article
- Regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic potential of N6-methyladenosine modification in retinal diseases (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Nanosized Cerium Phosphate: Synthesis Methods, Morphology, and Potential Applications in Biomedicine.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Retinal aging and diabetic retinopathy: converging metabolic pathways and shared gene expression profiles.Metabolic brain disease · 2026Review
- Crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and mitochondrial homeostasis: A new perspective on ophthalmic disease treatment.Journal of cell communication and signaling · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common and severe microvascular complication of diabetes, leading to vision impairment and blindness, particularly in working-age adults. Oxidative stress plays a central role in the pathogenesis of DR, with excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) damaging retinal tissues, including blood vessels and neurons. This oxidative damage is exacerbated through various metabolic pathways, such as the polyol pathway, protein kinase C(PKC) activation, and advanced glycation end-product(AGE) formation. Additionally, mitochondrial dysfunction, retinal cell apoptosis, inflammation, and lipid peroxidation are key pathological processes associated with oxidative stress in DR. Epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation and histone alterations, further contribute to gene expression changes induced by oxidative stress. To mitigate oxidative damage, therapeutic strategies targeting ROS production, neutralizing free radicals, and enhancing antioxidant defenses hold promise. Various natural antioxidant compounds, such as polyphenols (e.g., epigallocatechin-3-gallate, quercetin, resveratrol) and carotenoids (e.g., lutein, zeaxanthin), have demonstrated potential in reducing oxidative stress and improving retinal health in DR models. Moreover, activation of the Nrf2 and SIRT1 pathways has emerged as a promising approach to enhance the antioxidant response. Although preclinical studies show promising results, further clinical trials are necessary to validate the efficacy and safety of these therapeutic strategies. In conclusion, a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying oxidative stress in DR and the development of multi-target therapies could provide more effective treatment options for DR patients.
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