Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40589574›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2025

Gut microbiota orchestrates skeletal muscle development and metabolism in germ-free and SPF pigs.

Zhengjie Li, Mingxing Wen, Chuang Tang, Shuangshuang Chen, Die Tang, Jinwei Zhang, Jing Sun, Liangpeng Ge, Keren Long, Lu Lu and 4 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  3. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Zhengjie Li *State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Mingxing Wen *State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Chuang Tang *State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Shuangshuang ChenState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Die TangState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Jinwei ZhangChongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China.
Jing SunChongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China.
Liangpeng GeChongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, China.
Keren LongState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Lu LuState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Long JinState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Mingzhou LiState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Xuewei LiState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
Jideng MaState Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The gut microbiota, as a crucial symbiotic microbial community in the host, participates in regulating the host's metabolism, immunity, and tissue development. Skeletal muscle is a key tissue for movement and energy metabolism in the body, with its development and function regulated by multiple factors; however, the molecular mechanisms by which the gut microbiota influences skeletal muscle remain unclear. This study utilized germ-free (GF) and specific pathogen-free (SPF) pig models, combined with multiple analytical approaches, to systematically investigate the effects of gut microbiota absence on skeletal muscle development, muscle fiber typing, and metabolism. The study found that skeletal muscle development in GF pigs was impaired, with significant changes in muscle fiber diameter and the proportion of type I muscle fibers, with the forelimb extensor digitorum lateralis being the most significantly affected. Metabolic analysis revealed that short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) levels in the muscles of GF pigs were reduced, while amino acid and organic acid levels were elevated, suggesting that the gut microbiota regulates muscle energy metabolism. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the expression levels of protein-coding genes (PCGs) and LncRNAs in the muscles of GF pigs were generally reduced, with LncRNAs exhibiting more pronounced dynamic changes. Differentially expressed genes were enriched in muscle development and immune pathways, with significant changes in the expression patterns of

Indexed as

germ-free (GF) pigsgut microbiotaLncRNA (long non-coding RNA)muscle fiber typingskeletal musclespecific pathogen-free (SPF) pigs

Identifiers

PMID40589574
PMCPMC12206747

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.