Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40588638›Full record

SynthesisCanadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique2026

Barriers and facilitators to knowledge and awareness around sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs)-related preventive measures among Black populations across Canada: a systematic review.

Bethelehem Girmay, Sasha Logan Strong, Dianne Bryant, Obidimma Ezezika

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Canadian journal of public health = Revue canadienne de sante publique, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Bethelehem GirmayGlobal Health and Innovation Lab, School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-0083
Sasha Logan StrongGlobal Health and Innovation Lab, School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada.
Dianne BryantFaculty of Health Sciences, School of Physical Therapy, Western University, London, ON, Canada.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7535-8707
Obidimma EzezikaGlobal Health and Innovation Lab, School of Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, ON, Canada. oezezika@uwo.ca.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7832-0483

Funding

Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council 892-2022-0014
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe objective of this systematic review was to identify and analyze the barriers and facilitators to knowledge and awareness of sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections (STBBIs) among Black populations in Canada. This review specifically focused on three key areas: general awareness of STBBIs, knowledge of STBBI prevention, and knowledge of STBBI testing.

methodsA comprehensive search was conducted using five databases: OVID Embase, OVID Medline, CINAHL, and Scopus. A total of 1261 studies were initially identified, with 24 meeting the eligibility criteria, limited to studies published between 1990 and 2023. All eligible studies included in the review underwent quality assessment. SYNTHESIS: The review identified 57 barriers and 12 facilitators to STBBI knowledge. Key barriers included stigma, cultural norms, inadequate healthcare resources, lack of cultural competence among healthcare providers, and limited access to information and services. Facilitators included access to AIDS Service Organizations, culturally informed dissemination strategies, supportive family and community networks, and effective communication between parents and children. The Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) was used to interpret these findings, focusing on the role of observational learning, self-efficacy, and social support in knowledge acquisition and health-seeking behaviours, and to guide recommendations for future actions.

conclusionThe findings highlight significant barriers and facilitators to STBBI knowledge among Black populations in Canada. Addressing these barriers and leveraging the identified facilitators, through interventions informed by the SCT, are recommended to improve STBBI knowledge and health outcomes among these communities.

Indexed as

Black PeopleBlood-Borne InfectionsHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeSexually Transmitted DiseasesCanadaHumansAwarenessBlack populationsCanadaKnowledge acquisitionPreventionSTBBITesting

Identifiers

PMID40588638
PMCPMC13085487

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.