Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40588397›Full record

SynthesisBMJ open quality2025

Interventions to improve patient safety during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.

Albert W Wu, Katelyn Trigg, Allen Zhang, G Caleb Alexander, Elliott R Haut, Clare Rock, Kathryn McDonald, William Padula, Sarah Fisseha, Rosemary Duncan and 5 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open quality, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Albert W WuHealth Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA awu@jhu.edu.ORCID 0000-0001-6189-7120
Katelyn TriggHealth Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2031-0810
Allen ZhangHealth Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
G Caleb AlexanderEpidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5622-2986
Elliott R HautSurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7075-771X
Clare RockInfectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Kathryn McDonaldJohns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
William PadulaPharmaceutical & Health Economics, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1161-6954
Sarah FissehaThe Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Rosemary DuncanPharmacy, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0262-0679
Joyce BlackCollege of Nursing, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
David E Newman-TokerNeurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2789-4115
Irina PapievaWorld Health Organization headquarters, Geneva, GE, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0003-1058-4727
Neelam Dhingra-KumarJoint Commission International, Oakbrook Terrace, IL, USA.
Renee F WilsonHealth Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0786-1017

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo summarise the literature on healthcare interventions to reduce harm to patients caused by the COVID-19 pandemic across six domains: medication safety, diagnostic safety, surgical safety, healthcare-associated infections, pressure injuries and falls.

methodsWe performed a mixed-methods systematic review, with the intention to present results narratively. We combined parallel searches and expert input across each domain of interest, identifying 13 019 unique articles across the six domains. Of these, 590 full texts were assessed for eligibility. 7 were included for the medication safety domain; 7 for diagnostic safety; 32 for surgical safety; 11 for healthcare-associated infections; 5 for the pressure injuries and 2 for falls. Overall, a total of 61 unique articles were included-4 articles were represented across more than one domain.

findingsThere were few rigorous evaluations of specific interventions to reduce patient harm caused by the pandemic. Adjustments in treatments, triage and procedures, and use of risk stratification tools reduced delays and permitted more elective surgery and diagnostic testing to proceed. These changes also led to improvements in medication safety practices and prevention of healthcare-associated infections.

conclusionThere has been little research on interventions to reduce patient harm caused in healthcare settings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Interventions focused on preventing nosocomial transmission of COVID-19 and on permitting access to urgent surgical and diagnostic needs. A few studies tested strategies to reduce new risks imposed by the pandemic for medication safety, healthcare-associated infections, pressure injuries and falls. Development of high-reliability health systems and healthcare organisations to protect patients and health workers from harm will be essential to mitigating the impact of future pandemics within the objectives of the Global Patient Safety Action Plan 2021-2030.

Indexed as

COVID-19Patient SafetyAccidental FallsCross InfectionHumansPandemicsSARS-CoV-2COVID-19Diagnostic errorsHealthcare quality improvementHealth services researchMedication safety

Identifiers

PMID40588397
PMCPMC12211853

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.