ArticleTargeted oncology2025
Real-World Outcomes of Pembrolizumab in Advanced Melanoma by Age and Sex: A National Population-Based Study.
Article in Targeted oncology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association between opioid use and treatment discontinuation in patients receiving nivolumab: a real-world database study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- Real-world effectiveness of pembrolizumab for first-line treatment of metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer: a decade of evidence and experience.Future oncology (London, England) · 2026Review
- Real-World Treatment Patterns in Advanced Cutaneous Melanoma in the USA.Targeted oncology · 2026Observational
- Plant-Derived Compounds as Potential Sensitizers to Immunotherapy in Melanoma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Immunological Drug-Drug Interactions in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy: Mechanisms, Clinical Evidence, and Artificial Intelligence.Current oncology reports · 2026Review
- Real-World Outcomes of Ipilimumab Plus Nivolumab for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A National Population-Based Cohort Study.Targeted oncology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmune checkpoint inhibitors are standard treatment for advanced melanoma. Pembrolizumab (programmed cell death-1 inhibitor) monotherapy is recommended as first-line treatment. However, real-world evidence on its efficacy and safety in Australia, a region with the highest melanoma incidence, remains limited.
objectiveThis study aimed to assess real-world outcomes of pembrolizumab in patients with advanced melanoma in Australia.
methodsA retrospective cohort study was conducted using national Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme and National Death Index data via the Australian Bureau of Statistics DataLab. Patients who initiated pembrolizumab monotherapy for stage III/IV unresectable melanoma (1 January, 2017-30 June, 2022) were included. Kaplan-Meier analyses and multivariate Cox regressions were performed to assess overall survival and time to treatment discontinuation. Immune-related adverse events were inferred from corticosteroid and levothyroxine prescriptions. Subgroup analyses were performed by age (18-64, 65-84, ≥ 85 years) and sex.
resultsAmong 4127 patients, the median overall survival was 816 days. Mortality was higher in patients aged 65-84 years (adjusted hazards ratio 1.39, 95% confidence interval 1.24-1.56) and ≥85 years (adjusted hazards ratio 1.93, 95% confidence interval 1.69-2.21) versus 18-64 years. Median time to treatment discontinuation was 377 days, with a higher discontinuation rate in female individuals (adjusted hazards ratio 1.19, 95% confidence interval 1.09-1.29). Incident corticosteroid and levothyroxine prescriptions were observed in 19.3 and 7.6% of patients, respectively.
conclusionsOur findings align with clinical trials, demonstrating similar survival outcomes. Younger patients benefited more from pembrolizumab, while female individuals had shorter treatment durations. Further research is required to explore immune checkpoint inhibitor efficacy, safety, and treatment disparities.
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