ArticlePeerJ2025
Self-esteem and stress: a structural equation modelling of biosocial determinants, psychological mediators and anxiety among Malaysian undergraduates.
Article in PeerJ, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Anxiety is a widespread public health concern affecting youth worldwide, leading to significant functional and social disabilities, various negative social and financial consequences, and even suicidality. However, there is a lack of research examining the roles of self-esteem and stress in mediating factors contributing to anxiety among undergraduate students, particularly in Malaysia. Therefore, this research aims to investigate these determinants and the mediating effects of self-esteem and stress on the relationship between biosocial factors and anxiety among Malaysian undergraduates. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1,193 undergraduates using a validated questionnaire. The study examined independent variables including gender, sleep quality, problematic internet use, social support, and mental health literacy; mediators (self-esteem and stress); and anxiety as the dependent variable. After excluding 68 potential outliers, the final structural equation model demonstrated satisfactory goodness of fit (root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.041,
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